Abstract

OLIVEIRA, Lólio Lourenço de. Urbanization and access to higher education. Cad. Pesqui. [online]. 1976, n.17, pp.53-68. ISSN 0100-1574.

The purpose of this study is to verify the association between district urbanization and number of applicants to higher education, and scores of these applicants in the selection tests. A sample was taken from the population of applicants in a biological area entrance examination in the State of São Paulo (1975). In addition, 1970 Census data about all districts of this State were used. The influence of other variables was considered, such as S.E.S., career chosen, district industrialization rate and its distance from the Capital. Results show that search for entrance examination grows with urbanization rate; that the same occurs, although not so strikingly, with the scores in the tests; that this association does not depend on district schooling rates in senior high school level; that industrialization works in the same direction and together with urbanization; that super-urbanization and super-industrialization (observed typically in the metropolitan area of the State) act in the opposite direction. The author suggests that these results are explained by the urban nature of the objectives, instruments and human resources of the educational system.

Keywords : Acesso ao ensino superior; Urbanização; Desempenho; Concurso vestibular; Condições socioeconômicas.

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