Abstract

FRANCO, Maria Aparecida Ciavatta  and  CASTRO, Cláudio de Moura. A contribuição da educação técnica à mobilidade social. Cad. Pesqui. [online]. 1981, n.36, pp.41-60. ISSN 0100-1574.

This study is based on research data on the consequences of technical education from the point of view of social equality and justice: does technical education favour social mobility in the lower strata of society? Is it a factor of social mobility or of social reproduction? In what extent does it foster social development and progressor maintenance of social inequality? These data refer to school achievement, occupational positions and income levels of graduates from technical schools, in some Latin-American countries: Colombia, Paraguay, Mexico and Argentina. With the exception of the specific aspects of each country, the results indicate that technical industrial education seems to minimize the social economic factors due to familiar background, qualifying students to a better achievement than that of graduates from conventional schools. The analysis of occupational trajectory shows a rising mobility that is restricted to adjacent occupational positions. As for salaries, technical school graduates start with better wages. However, time is a variable that introduces a favourable changement for conventional academic school graduates. Summarizing, the social mobility that might be atributed to technical education is restricted by the general conditions of the society where it exists. On one hand, social relations in production are kept up with pre-determined roles for the various social classes. On the other hand, social inequality conditions are mitigated by providing mobility opportunities within the adjacent strata.

Keywords : Ensino técnico; Mobilidade social; Desigualdades sociais; Rendimento escolar; Salário.

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