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Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica
versión impresa ISSN 0100-5502versión On-line ISSN 1981-5271
Resumen
CUNHA, Carolina Martinho et al. Common mental disorders in medical students: prevalence and associated factors. Rev. Bras. Educ. Med. [online]. 2023, vol.47, n.4, e117. Epub 16-Oct-2023. ISSN 1981-5271. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-5271v47.4-2022-0307.ing.
Objectives:
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Common Mental Disorders (CMD) among medical students and identify the factors associated with this disorder.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted with all medical students, enrolled from the 1st to the 8th semesters in a public university, in the state of Bahia, Brazil. We used a self-administered questionnaire that included SRQ-20 (Self-Reporting Questionnaire), IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire - long form) and sociodemographic, school, occupational and health variables. The multivariate analysis was performed using COX Regression for cross-sectional studies.
Results:
We evaluated 556 students (289 women and 267 men), representing 90.2% of the target population. The overall prevalence of CMD found was 53.3%, 78.8% of students reported feeling nervous, 56.8% experienced poor sleep quality, and 6.5% had suicidal thoughts. After the multivariate analysis, the following factors maintained their association with a higher prevalence of CMD: having no previous undergraduate degree (PR=1.49), having an unfavorable self-perception of health (PR=1.53), not having failed disciplines (PR=1.20), and being a smoker (PR=1.19). Physical activity did not have a protective effect on CMD in this study.
Conclusions:
The prevalence of CMD among medical students was high and mainly associated with an unfavorable self-perception of health. The results highlight the need for strengthening institutional policies aimed at preventing psychological distress among students.
Palabras clave : Mental disorders; medical students; mental health; physical exercise; cross-sectional studies.