Resumo

GATTI, Bernardete A.; SILVA, Rose Neubauer da  e  ESPOSITO, Yara Lúcia. Alfabetização e educação básica no Brasil. Cad. Pesqui. [online]. 1990, n.75, pp.7-14. ISSN 0100-1574.

Viewing education in the broader social context, the paper presents illiteracy rates in Brazil until 1987, with their striking regional differences, based on various sources (from official PNADs - National Home Sample Surveys - the Ministry of Education and UNICEF). These rates are linked to the kind of schooling provided by the educational network, of which there was a remarkable expansion in the 40's and 50's, but which shows a declining trend in the last decade. Nevertheless, present major challenge is not access to school, but permanence in it; as to the great numbers of illiterate adults, society has not been able to incorporate them to literate culture. Illiteracy of 21% among the 15-year old and over is not, however, disfunctional in regard to the country's socio-political organization, but is unmistakably linked to the model of development adopted today. To eliminate illiteracy and semi-illiteracy appears then as a necessary revolution in educational practice, to which society's political will and mobilization are indispensable.

Palavras-chave : Ensino de 1º Grau; Alfabetização; Analfabetismo; Políticas Educacionais; Educação de Adultos.

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