Resumen

VASCONCELLOS, Eduardo Alcântara de. Transporte, escolarização e política educacional rural. Cad. Pesqui. [online]. 1985, n.55, pp.18-30. ISSN 0100-1574.

Due to the typical pattern of rural education in the State of São Paulo - up to the 3rd or 4th elementary grades only - children who wish to continue to study have to go to the nearest town. Rural teachers have also to travel by their own means and expenses. This study investigated the relationship between the available transportation means andthe access to school in rural areas, as well as the travel conditions of teachers. The overall conditions of rural education in the State and the present rural school transportation system are examined. We investigated in detail two specific cases: the first one was Araraquara county, where one of the biggest transportation systems in the State is in operation since 1968, and the second one was Taubaté county, that never had a transportation system for rural children. On these two cases, we investigated the overall figures of rural education, as well as the travel conditions of rural teachers. With relation to Araraquara, we studied also the children that are transported by the existing system. The main conclusions are: rural school transportation in the State on São Paulo has been increasing fastly, and 100.000 children were transported daily in 1984, but this is still insufficient; rural teachers spend 20% of their income with transportation and they consider this problem one of the most important of their profession; the transportation system in Araraquara is making possible to 221 rural children to continue to study in the city (up to the 8th elementary grade), and it is considered extremely important by 60% of the transported children; the transportation system seems to be increasing the sub-utilization of the rural schools, with respect to urban schools, and this fact points to the need to reconsider the overall rural educational system, with respect to the transportation problem and to the rural economy.

Palabras clave : Educação; Zona rural; Transporte escolar; Políticas educacionais.

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