Resumen

APPLE, Michael W.. Ensino e trabalho feminino: uma análise comparativa da história e ideologia. Cad. Pesqui. [online]. 1988, n.64, pp.14-23. ISSN 0100-1574.

Feminine occupations like teaching have historically been more subject to proletarianization than male ones. This entails a higher frequency of attempts to rationalize the job; in the case of teaching, such attempts aim at greater control over curricula and classroom practices, in what has been a continuous process. It involves a complex interplay of classes and gender dynamics under the dominant ideology of feminine domesticity, leading to tighter control by bureaucratic management, which in turn faces growing resistance and self-organization of teachers. By examining one moment of this process - the change from its being a predominantly male to a predominantly female occupation, over the turn of century in both England and U.S. - we can see how patriarchal relations and economic pressures actually transform the job itself, as well as the corresponding teachers' covert and overt efforts to resist it. These efforts may have had contradictory results, but they are part of much larger movement - one that is still so necessary today - to challenge patriarchal relations both within the home and the workplace.

Palabras clave : Trabalho; Magistério; Relações de gênero; Ideologia; Professoras.

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