Resumen

ROCHA, Fernanda Cristina Campos da  y  GOUVEA, Maria Cristina Soares de. Retention and failure in the implementation of the graduated school: emergency and historical meanings. Educ. Rev. [online]. 2021, vol.37, e74535.  Epub 26-Abr-2021. ISSN 1984-0411.  https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-4060.74535.

The documentary corpus consisted of educational legislation, inspection reports, exam reports, promotion terms, and enrollment books. It was verified, in the analyzed period between 1907 and 1930, that failure and repetition were understood as distinct phenomena, concentrated in the 1st school year. Repetition was a didactic resource that sought to guarantee to learn, considering the extension of the Teaching Program and the young age of students. These were also the justifications for the failure, which affected even students who passed the final exams. It was verified the creation, by the school, of strategies of serial organization and evaluation that sought to guarantee the learning and to facilitate the homogenization of the classes.

Palabras clave : Schooling; Failure; Repetition; Evaluation.

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