Resumo

GUTIERREZ-SALDIVIA, Ximena  e  RIQUELME MELLA, Enrique. Assessment of Special Educational Needs in Contexts of Social and Cultural Diversity: Alternatives for a Culturally Appropriate Evaluation. Rev. bras. educ. espec. [online]. 2020, vol.26, n.1, pp.159-174.  Epub 12-Fev-2020. ISSN 1980-5470.  https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413-65382620000100010.

The aim of this work is to reflect on the need for a culturally relevant assessment of Special Educational Needs in intercultural educational contexts as a basis for rethinking the services supporting Special Education in schools of the La Araucanía region in Chile. The analysis was developed through national and international scientific and normative literature review, using a documentary-descriptive method. The documents were retrieved from the Web of Science, Scopus, Scielo and the European Agency for the Development in Special Needs Education databases. Initially, 108 documents were identified using the following descriptors: special education, assessment, special needs, cultural diversity, indigenous students, and cultural and linguistic diversity; after applying the selection criteria, 27 documents were reviewed. The results reveal that in multicultural societies the main obstacles to the assessment of SEN are the medical model, since it is based on western-homogeneous regulations and standards; the presence of cultural biases in the assessment instruments and in the decision processes regarding which student should be assessed; and the lack of intercultural competences in the professionals who perform assessment. In the case of Mapuche students, there is evidence of epistemic tensions in the assessment that underlie the medical model, associated with the way of conceiving the disease (kütran) in the Mapuche and Western world. It is concluded that in order to break down the structure and Western canons, and as a basis for culturally relevant assessments, a new way of thinking and aiming the assessment of SEN in an indigenous context is required.

Palavras-chave : Special Education; Assessment; Special Educational Needs; Cultural diversity; Indigenous students.

        · resumo em Espanhol     · texto em Espanhol     · Espanhol ( pdf )