Abstract

MENDES, Márcia Cristiane Ferreira; FIALHO, Lia Machado Fiuza  and  MACHADO, Charliton José dos Santos. Argentina Pereira Gomes: dissemination of didactic “innovations” in primary education school of the 1930s. Rev. Diálogo Educ. [online]. 2019, vol.19, n.61, pp.527-550.  Epub Jan 31, 2020. ISSN 1981-416X.  https://doi.org/10.7213/1981-416x.19.061.ds02.

The educator Argentina Pereira Gomes (1916 to 1962) was a normalist and Portuguese Language teacher for children and teenagers in the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba, in the main schools of the capital: Epitacio Pessoa School Group, Teacher Training School, Paraíba High School, Nossa Senhora das Neves School. It was questioned which educational formation and pedagogical ideas were developed by Argentina Gomes, so this one has constituted an educator of relative visibility in the local collective memory, in the second quarter of century XX. The objective was to understand the formative and professional trajectory of Argentina Pereira Gomes, in the interface with her teaching methods in the historical social-historical context of the 1930s, which conferred immortality on the social imaginary. Biographical research was developed, supported theoretically in the Cultural History, which used documentary sources - decrees, photos, newspaper and magazine articles - intercrossed with oral sources collected by means of oral history with 6 contributors. It was verified that Argentina Gomes was a poor interior girl with patriarchal and religious family education. However, she had the opportunity to migrate to capital and study in the Teacher Training School and, when she was a teacher, she worked in the main teaching institutions of João Pessoa, adopted the ideals of the Pestalozzi and Froebel and later, of the New School disseminating them when writing articles in the Revista do Ensino, describing active didactic methods, an innovation for the educational scene of the time, marked by traditional pedagogy.

Keywords : Argentina Pereira Gomes; Biography; Female education; Primary school.

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