Resumo

SCHNEIDER, Jakob Hans Jose!. Philosophie des Gartens. Zu Immanuel Kants Kritik der Urteilskraft. Educação e Filosofia [online]. 2009, vol.23, n.46, pp.209-246. ISSN 1982-596X.

This essay will show, how the garden belonging to the house can be, at least since Plato's Phaidros especially reliant on the philosophical landscape-reflections of the 18th Century: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi, Friedrich Schiller and Immanuel Kant, then Ludwig Tieck and Jean Paul, and under the title of "natural beauty" ("Lustgãrtnerei", Kant), the place of the reconciliation of man and nature, the place of retreat from the alienated world (Rousseau), the place of satisfaction with one's own existence (Kant), the self-presence of the human spirit (Voltaire). In addition, the garden is, particularly in the style of the English landscape garden, contrary to the French garden à la Versailles, the expression of freedom opposed to the Political Absolutism; so far, he has political significance. Next, the garden presupposes a stable legal and political order of peace, without which he cannot be, because he is considered to be permanent. The garden is a place of justice. In analogy with language, Kant brings to the concept the deep existential significance of the garden: The garden is a symbol of the idea of "beauty", of justice, of peace, of freedom becoming sensual, of the reconciliation of art, man and nature.

Palavras-chave : Garden; Landscape; Estetics; Plato; J.-J. Rousseau.

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