Abstract

FELGUEIRAS, Margarida Louro. As condições de vida dos professores primários da república ao fim da ditadura. Educação e Filosofia [online]. 2013, vol.27, n.01, suppl., pp.75-108. ISSN 1982-596X.

Portuguese primary school teachers constituted in the 1920s an organized, active movement in the defence of popular education. They were already a group with strong claiming power, organized around the Union of Official Portuguese Primary School Teachers (UPPOP). They published a magazine - The Schoolteacher - and held conferences regularly. They founded Monte Pio, a mutuality and an Institute of the Portuguese Official Primary School Teachers (IPPOP). The Dictatorship dismantled the union movement and this professional group will appear as the most submissive and conformist. We intend to understand this passage from active associativism into a quiet conformism and archaic thought and practices. For this we analyzed the processes and application of daughters and sons and schoolteachers to IPPOP between 1915-1985. We identified the number of families of teachers whom these processes represented. We identified the number of families of teachers who represent these processes. We sought to characterize these families taking into account various aspects but here we only present data for: geographical origin of teachers / the profession, the spouse of the teacher, number of children, marital status, and socioeconomic conditions. This work is a first approach to the living conditions of rural primary teachers in Portugal. It highlights specificities compared to other countries and explains the passivity shown by the end of the dictatorship.

Keywords : Social History of Primary Teachers; Primary Teachers; Rural Primary Teachers; Institute of Primary School Teachers.

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