Abstract

VALDEMARIN, Vera Teresa. Patterns in circulation for teaching Natural Sciences: Object Lessons in transition from Empire to Republic. Cad. Hist. Educ. [online]. 2020, vol.19, n.3, pp.1033-1050.  Epub Oct 26, 2020. ISSN 1982-7806.  https://doi.org/10.14393/che-v19n3-2020-22.

This paper takes a historical perspective (final decades of the XIX century) to analyze the circulation of guideline bound to the intuitive teaching method. The documentary sources are two textbooks produced to guide pedagogical practices of elementary teachers:Primary Object Lessons, by N. A. Calkins, published in Portuguese language in 1886, andA Eschola Publica, edited by Oscar Thompson and others, published in 1895. The spread of objective method or object lessons was allied to pedagogical transformations that include methodological aspects and teacher’s training. In conjunction with was gathered together wit economic and social development and become a symbol of modernization in São Paulo State. Focusing on Natural Sciences, this article shows different interpretations and meanings taking for pedagogical innovation in the Brazilian context. These differences show, by the way, different conceptions about science and their teaching based on different patterns of reasoning and mental habits. One of them pays particular attention to the step-sequence logic inherent to the teaching method; the other considers the amount of subject prescribed in the school curriculum.

Keywords : Teaching methods; Object Lessons; Teaching natural sciences; Teachers training; History of education.

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