Abstract

CANDIDO, Renata Marcílio  and  GABRIEL, Sônia Maria da Silva. The classroom in J. B. de Mello e Souza’s books, a chair professor at Colégio Pedro II (1938-1943). Cad. Hist. Educ. [online]. 2025, vol.24, e2025-46.  Epub Jan 12, 2026. ISSN 1982-7806.  https://doi.org/10.14393/che-v24-e2025-46.

This paper aims to identify changes and continuities in the classrooms described by J. B. de Mello e Souza (1888-1969). He was a teacher from 1914 to the 1960s in public and private schools and a professor at Colégio Pedro II. In his work, the classroom is presented in distinct temporal frames and geographic spaces from the end of the 19th century to the middle of the 20th century. Majupira (1938), Meninos de Queluz (1949) and Estudantes do meu tempo (1943) are analyzed, considering the possible differences in the classroom in fictional and memorialist works. To this end, we seek theoretical and methodological contributions in History of Education on the concept of classroom, based on the research of Escolano Benito (2017) and Rosa Fátima de Souza (1998, 2013), among others. The study of the works provides an opportunity for discussions regarding teaching practices and representations of teachers debated by the republican government and the maintenance of traditional school models.

Keywords : Classroom; Education History; Literature.

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