Abstract

GOUVEA, Maria Cristina Soares de. A produção histórica de categorias de apreensão do aluno na educação portuguesa (1880-1900). Rev. Bras. Hist. Educ [online]. 2011, vol.11, n.03, pp.63-97. ISSN 2238-0094.

The papper analyses the emergence of a cientific knowledege about the student, during the XIX century, student defined according to his generation identity. In this sense, we focus an national context (Portugal) and a specifically historical period (last decades of the century). The primary sources were the pedagogical magazines, that was used as strategical vehicule of scientific knowledge difusion, teacher education and improvement of pedagogical experts powerty. The cientificist perspective, refered to Spencer s positivist model of science, characterized the magazine. Into this perspective, is possible to identify the epistemological references of the cientific discourses about the individual development, that changed during the period. If in the first numbers of the vehicule, Comtes historical perspective of understanding the individual development was central, gradually lost its importance. The higienism, recorring to the concept of race to understand and quantificate the fisiological characters of the students turned to be the most important knowledge about the individual developmet, racially defined. So, the reserach demonstrate the tension beetwen race and history on the knowledge production about individual, cultural and social phenomenous during the XIX century, specially on investigations about individual development.

Keywords : Discourse; Students; Portugal; Nineteen Century.

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