<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0100-1574</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cadernos de Pesquisa]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cad. Pesqui.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0100-1574</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundação Carlos Chagas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0100-15742011000200005</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Mudança no conhecimento e na profissão acadêmica em Portugal]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santiago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rui]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Teresa]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A05">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Aveiro  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>143</numero>
<fpage>402</fpage>
<lpage>426</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0100-15742011000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0100-15742011000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0100-15742011000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[O propósito principal deste artigo é analisar como os acadêmicos portugueses estão lidando com as novas condições de produção de conhecimento científico ligadas à emergência da sociedade/economia do conhecimento e à crescente mercantilização e "managerização" da educação superior. Os desafios profissionais instituídos por essas novas condições podem erodir a autonomia e liberdade dos acadêmicos, construídas graças ao conhecimento científico e à colegialidade. De acordo com os resultados de uma pesquisa internacional na qual se apóia a componente empírica deste artigo, a maioria dos acadêmicos ouvidos continua vinculada aos princípios humboldtianos/mertonianos de produção do conhecimento, como base de referência do profissionalismo acadêmico. Contudo, os acadêmicos assumiram, igualmente, posições híbridas em relação à categorização epistemológica da pesquisa científica, à articulação entre a pesquisa e ensino e à filiação disciplinar, departamental e institucional.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The main purpose of this article is to analyze the way academics in Portugal are dealing with the new conditions of knowledge production in the light of both the emergence of knowledge society/economy articulated and the Portuguese higher education increasing marketization and managerialization. These professional challenges brought by these new conditions can erode the academics' autonomy mainly built up on the scientific knowledge and collegiality. Following the results of an international survey, wich supports the empirical component of this study, the majority of the academics surveyed are still committed with the humboldtian/mertonian knowledge production principles, as the main basis to sustain their professionalism. However, they assume also hybrid positions vis-à-vis the epistemological categorization of their research, the links between research and teaching and the affiliation to their discipline, department and institution.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Produção Técnico-Científica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Ensino Superior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Conhecimentos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Profissionalização]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Technical Scientific Production]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Higher Education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Knowledge]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Professionalization]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> <h2>Mudan&ccedil;a no conhecimento e na  profiss&atilde;o acad&ecirc;mica em Portugal.</h2> <h3>Changes in knowledge and academic profession in Portugal.</h3>     <p>&nbsp;</p> <h4>Rui Santiago; Teresa  Carvalho    <br> </h4> </font>      ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALTBACH]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Academic freedom: international realities and challenges.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Higher Education]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>1/2</numero>
<issue>1/2</issue>
<page-range>205-219</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ASKLING]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Higher education and academic staff in a period of policy and system change.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Higher Education]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<numero>41</numero>
<issue>41</issue>
<page-range>157-181</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BULLEN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ROBB]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[KENWAY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Creative destruction: knowledge economy policy and the future of the arts and humanities in academy.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Education Policy]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>3-22</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DE WEERT]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Pressures and prospects facing the academic profession in the Netherlands.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Higher Education]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<numero>41</numero>
<issue>41</issue>
<page-range>77-101</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DEARLOVE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A Continuing role for academics: he governance of UK universities in the post-Dearing era.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Higher Education Quarterly]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>257-275</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ENDERS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A chair system in transition: appointments, promotions and gate-keeping in German higher education.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Higher Education]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<numero>41</numero>
<issue>41</issue>
<page-range>3-25</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FELDMAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Towards the post-university: centers of higher learning and creative spaces as economic development and social change agents.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economic and Industrial Democracy]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>99-142</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FULLER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The University: a social technology for producing universal knowledge.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Technology in Society]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>217-234</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Los Angeles ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HARLEY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MULLER-CAMEN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[COLLIN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[From academic communities to managed organizations: the implications for academic careers in UK and German universities.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Vocational Behavior]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>329-345</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Los Angeles ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HARMAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Australian social scientist and transition to a more commercial university environment.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Higher Education Research & Development]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>79-94</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HELLSTRÖM]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[JACOB]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Taming unruly science and saving national competitiveness: discourses on science by Sweden's strategic research bodies.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science, Technology & Human Values]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>443-467</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HUISMAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DE BOER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GOEDEGEBUURE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Perception or participation in executive governance structures in Dutch universities.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tertiary Education and Management]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>227-239</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[KLEINMAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VALAS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Science, capitalism, and the irse of the "knowledge worker": the changing structure of knowledge production in the United States.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Theory and Society]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<numero>30</numero>
<issue>30</issue>
<page-range>451-492</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NEAVE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Higher education policy as an exercise in contemporary history.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Higher Education]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<numero>32</numero>
<issue>32</issue>
<page-range>403-415</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OLSSEN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PETERS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Neoliberalism, higher education and the knowledge economy: from the free market to knowledge capitalism.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Education Policy]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>313-345</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SANTIAGO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CARVALHO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Effects of managerialism on the perceptions of higher education in Portugal.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Higher Education Policy]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<numero>17</numero>
<issue>17</issue>
<page-range>427-444</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SANTIAGO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CARVALHO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Academics in a new work environment: the impact of new public management on work conditions.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Higher Education Quarterly]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>62</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>204-223</page-range><page-range>2008</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SANTIAGO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CARVALHO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RELVA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Resaerch and the universities' image.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European Journal of Education]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>495-512</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SANTIAGO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Changing patterns in the middle management of higher education: the case of Portugal.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Higher Education]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<numero>52</numero>
<issue>52</issue>
<page-range>215-250</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ZIMAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA["Post-academic science": constructing knowledge with networks and norms.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science Studies]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>67-80</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Aalto ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
