<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2177-6210</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Educação UNISINOS]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Educação. UNISINOS]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2177-6210</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2177-62102012000300007</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Lei Saraiva (1881): dos argumentos invocados pelos liberais para a exclusão dos analfabetos do direito de voto]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferraro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alceu Ravanello]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michele de]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A07">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>03</numero>
<fpage>241</fpage>
<lpage>250</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2177-62102012000300007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2177-62102012000300007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2177-62102012000300007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[O texto trata dos argumentos invocados pelos liberais para a exclusão dos analfabetos do direito de voto nos debates havidos no Parlamento quando da tramitação dos projetos Sinimbu e Saraiva de reforma eleitoral para a introdução do voto direto no Império do Brasil, reforma esta consubstanciada na Lei Saraiva de 9 de janeiro de 1881. Ele integra um conjunto de estudos que tiveram como fontes os Anais da Câmara dos Deputados e do Senado, disponíveis na Internet, relativos ao período de dezembro de 1878 a janeiro de 1881. Na parte que aqui interessa, a pesquisa revelou como, de repente, o analfabetismo, condição de mais de 80% da população brasileira segundo o recenseamento de 1872, passou a significar cegueira, ignorância, dependência, incapacidade e até periculosidade. Na realidade, ele se tornou um estigma, invocado para desqualificar e afastar do voto a grande massa analfabeta. E isto, pela voz e voto de uma representação maciçamente liberal e em nome dos princípios do liberalismo. É claro, do liberalismo possível numa nação dominada por uma elite predominantemente agrária, latifundiária e ainda teimosamente escravocrata.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The text discusses the arguments invoked by liberals to exclude illiterates from the right to vote in the debates that took place in parliament during the discussion of the Sinimbu and Saraiva bills on electoral reform to introduce direct voting in the Brazilian Empire. This reform was substantiated in the Saraiva Law of January 9, 1881. The article is part of a set of studies whose sources are the Proceedings of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, available on the Internet, concerning the period from December 1878 to January 1881. In the part that is of interest here, the survey revealed how, suddenly, illiteracy, which was the status of over 80% of the Brazilian population according to the 1872 census, began to mean blindness, ignorance, dependence, incapacity and even dangerousness. Indeed, it became a stigma, invoked to disqualify and keep the large illiterate mass from voting. This occurred through the voice and vote of a massively liberal representation and in the name of the principles of liberalism. Of course, this was the liberalism possible in a nation dominated by a predominantly agrarian elite made up of large landowners who were still stubborn slave owners.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Reforma Eleitoral]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Direito de Voto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Analfabetismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Exclusão]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Estigmatização]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Electoral Reform]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Right to Vote]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Illiteracy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sigmatization]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  <font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> <h2>Lei  Saraiva (1881): Dos argumentos invocados pelos liberais para a exclus&atilde;o dos  analfabetos do Direito de voto.</h2> <h3>The Saraiva Law (1881): On the arguments invoked by liberals  to exclude illiterates from the right to vote.</h3>     <p>&nbsp;</p> <h4>Alceu  Ravanello Ferraro, Michele de Le&atilde;o</h4> </font>      ]]></body>
</article>
