<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0100-1574</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cadernos de Pesquisa]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cad. Pesqui.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0100-1574</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundação Carlos Chagas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0100-15741990000400001</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Alfabetização e educação básica no Brasil]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gatti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bernardete A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rose Neubauer da]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Esposito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yara Lúcia]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundação Carlos Chagas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>1990</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>1990</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>75</numero>
<fpage>7</fpage>
<lpage>14</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0100-15741990000400001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0100-15741990000400001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0100-15741990000400001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Numa perspectiva que considera a educação no contexto social, apresentam-se as taxas de analfabetismo no país até 1987, com suas gritantes diferenças regionais, a partir de fontes diversas (PNADs, dados do MEC e da UNICEF). Essas taxas estão associadas ao atendimento das redes de ensino básico cuja expansão quantitativa, notável nas décadas de 40e 50, mostra tendência declinante na última década. Apesar disso, o grande desafio atual não é o do acesso à escola, mas o da permanência nela; e, quanto ao contingente de adultos analfabetos, a sociedade não se tem mostrado capaz de incorporá-los à cultura letrada. A taxa de 21% de analfabetos de 15 anos e mais não é disfuncional em relação à organização sócio-política do país, mas corresponde de forma inequívoca ao modelo de desenvolvimento adotado até hoje. Erradicar o analfabetismo e o semi-analfabetismo impõe-se como uma revolução necessária na política educacional, para a qual são imprescindíveis a vontade política e a mobilização da sociedade.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Viewing education in the broader social context, the paper presents illiteracy rates in Brazil until 1987, with their striking regional differences, based on various sources (from official PNADs - National Home Sample Surveys - the Ministry of Education and UNICEF). These rates are linked to the kind of schooling provided by the educational network, of which there was a remarkable expansion in the 40's and 50's, but which shows a declining trend in the last decade. Nevertheless, present major challenge is not access to school, but permanence in it; as to the great numbers of illiterate adults, society has not been able to incorporate them to literate culture. Illiteracy of 21% among the 15-year old and over is not, however, disfunctional in regard to the country's socio-political organization, but is unmistakably linked to the model of development adopted today. To eliminate illiteracy and semi-illiteracy appears then as a necessary revolution in educational practice, to which society's political will and mobilization are indispensable.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Ensino de 1º Grau]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Alfabetização]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Analfabetismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Políticas Educacionais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Educação de Adultos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  <font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> <h2>Alfabetização e educação básica no Brasil.</h2>     <p></p> <h4>Bernardete A. Gatti, Rose Neubauer da Silva, Yara Lúcia Esposito</h4>     <p>&nbsp;</p> </font>      ]]></body>

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