<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0100-3143</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Educação e Realidade]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Educ. Real.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0100-3143</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Faculdade de Educação]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0100-31432017000300002</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/2175-623667609</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Los Estudios Comparativos: algunas notas históricas, epistemológicas y metodológicas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Comparative Studies: historical, epistemological and methodological notes]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piovani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Ignacio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krawczyk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nora]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional De La Plata  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Plata Bs. As]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Estadual de Campinas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Campinas SP]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>821</fpage>
<lpage>840</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0100-31432017000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0100-31432017000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0100-31432017000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  En este art&#237;culo se abordan algunas cuestiones hist&#243;ricas, epistemol&#243;gicas y metodol&#243;gicas relacionadas con los estudios comparativos en las ciencias sociales, con referencias espec&#237;ficas al campo de la educaci&#243;n. A partir de una consideraci&#243;n general de la comparaci&#243;n, su estructura l&#243;gica y su presencia en la ciencia y en la vida cotidiana, se avanza hacia la presentaci&#243;n y valoraci&#243;n cr&#237;tica de las posturas que la definen como m&#233;todo cient&#237;fico. Por otra parte, se sostiene que, a&#250;n cuando se rechace este significado restrictivo de la comparaci&#243;n como m&#233;todo, existe cierto consenso en torno de la especificidad de los estudios comparativos en las ciencias sociales. Y en relaci&#243;n con ellos, en el art&#237;culo se discuten con mayor detalle los de car&#225;cter trans-contextual (cross-national y cross-cultural), con &#233;nfasis en los principales desaf&#237;os metodol&#243;gicos y t&#233;cnicos que afrontan. Se analiza tambi&#233;n la perspectiva comparativa socio hist&#243;rica, que ha adquirido importancia en los &#250;ltimos a&#241;os en el campo de la educaci&#243;n.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  In this article some historical, epistemological and methodological issues related to comparative studies in the social sciences are addressed, with specific reference to the field of education. The starting point is a discussion of the meaning of comparison, its logical structure and its presence in science and in everyday life. It follows the presentation and critical appraisal of the perspectives regarding comparison as a scientific method. It is argued that, even rejecting this restrictive meaning of comparison as a method, there is some consensus on the specificity of comparative studies within the social sciences. And in relation to them, the article address in more detail those studies that can be defined as trans-contextual (cross-national and cross-cultural), with emphasis on the main methodological and technical challenges they face. The socio-historical comparative perspective, which has gained importance in recent years in the field of education, is also discussed.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estudios Comparativos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Metodo Comparado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ciencias Sociales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Metodologia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Comparative Studies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Comparative Method]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Social Sciences]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Methodology]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0100-3143</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Educação e Realidade]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Educ. Real.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0100-3143</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Faculdade de Educação]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0100-31432017000300002</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/2175-623667609</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Los Estudios Comparativos: algunas notas históricas, epistemológicas y metodológicas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Comparative Studies: historical, epistemological and methodological notes]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piovani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Ignacio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krawczyk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nora]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional De La Plata  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Plata Bs. As]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Estadual de Campinas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Campinas SP]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>821</fpage>
<lpage>840</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0100-31432017000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0100-31432017000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0100-31432017000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  En este art&#237;culo se abordan algunas cuestiones hist&#243;ricas, epistemol&#243;gicas y metodol&#243;gicas relacionadas con los estudios comparativos en las ciencias sociales, con referencias espec&#237;ficas al campo de la educaci&#243;n. A partir de una consideraci&#243;n general de la comparaci&#243;n, su estructura l&#243;gica y su presencia en la ciencia y en la vida cotidiana, se avanza hacia la presentaci&#243;n y valoraci&#243;n cr&#237;tica de las posturas que la definen como m&#233;todo cient&#237;fico. Por otra parte, se sostiene que, a&#250;n cuando se rechace este significado restrictivo de la comparaci&#243;n como m&#233;todo, existe cierto consenso en torno de la especificidad de los estudios comparativos en las ciencias sociales. Y en relaci&#243;n con ellos, en el art&#237;culo se discuten con mayor detalle los de car&#225;cter trans-contextual (cross-national y cross-cultural), con &#233;nfasis en los principales desaf&#237;os metodol&#243;gicos y t&#233;cnicos que afrontan. Se analiza tambi&#233;n la perspectiva comparativa socio hist&#243;rica, que ha adquirido importancia en los &#250;ltimos a&#241;os en el campo de la educaci&#243;n.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  In this article some historical, epistemological and methodological issues related to comparative studies in the social sciences are addressed, with specific reference to the field of education. The starting point is a discussion of the meaning of comparison, its logical structure and its presence in science and in everyday life. It follows the presentation and critical appraisal of the perspectives regarding comparison as a scientific method. It is argued that, even rejecting this restrictive meaning of comparison as a method, there is some consensus on the specificity of comparative studies within the social sciences. And in relation to them, the article address in more detail those studies that can be defined as trans-contextual (cross-national and cross-cultural), with emphasis on the main methodological and technical challenges they face. The socio-historical comparative perspective, which has gained importance in recent years in the field of education, is also discussed.]]></p></abstract>
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<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estudios Comparativos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Metodo Comparado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ciencias Sociales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Metodologia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Comparative Studies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Comparative Method]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Social Sciences]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Methodology]]></kwd>
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