<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0102-4698</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Educação em Revista]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Educ. rev.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0102-4698</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0102-46982021000100402</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/0102-4698233354</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[TRANSFORMAÇÕES ECONÔMICAS, POLÍTICAS E SOCIAIS NA AMÉRICA DO SUL E A EDUCAÇÃO COMO ESPAÇO DE DEFINIÇÃO HEGEMÔNICA]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[TRANSFORMACIONES ECONÓMICAS, POLÍTICAS Y SOCIALES EN SUDAMÉRICA Y LA EDUCACIÓN COMO ESPACIO DE DEFINICIÓN HEGEMÓNICA]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ECONOMIC, POLITICAL AND SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN SOUTH AMERICA AND EDUCATION AS A SPACE OF HEGEMONIC DEFINITION]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ARRAIS NETO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ENÉAS]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BEZERRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TÂNIA SERRA AZUL MACHADO]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PUSTILNIK]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MARCELO VIEIRA]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal do Ceará  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Fortaleza CE]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Estadual do Ceará  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Fortaleza CE]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Santa Maria  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santa Maria RS]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>37</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0102-46982021000100402&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0102-46982021000100402&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0102-46982021000100402&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO: Artigo de teor ensaístico, elabora a leitura das transformações sociais, políticas e econômicas acontecidas no Brasil, no quadro das mudanças gerais progressistas ocorridas na América do Sul no decurso dos anos 2000-2014. Avalia o papel e os encaminhamentos políticos tecidos pelos governos progressistas desse período e constitui a primeira análise dos processos políticos, sociais e culturais reacionários, investigando alguns de seus mecanismos institucionais na disputa de hegemonia e imposição do reacionarismo conservador. Discute o novo papel das forças emergentes dos BRICS e a realidade de retrocesso mostrado no Brasil no âmbito da nova organização mundial que a todos ameaça, tanto do ponto de vista da paz, quanto ambiental. A modo de remate, situa a educação escolar, do ensino básico ao superior, como seara da disputa fundamental - e atualmente central - para a resistência dos setores populares e progressistas, a fim de conformar um encaminhamento humanizante e crítico para a sociedade. São reflexões importantes para a resistência e a sobrevivência ante o retrocesso que está em andamento.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN: Este artículo basado en ensayos elabora la lectura de las transformaciones sociales, políticas y económicas que tuvieron lugar en Brasil, en el marco de las transformaciones generales progresivas que ocurrieron en América del Sur durante los años 2000-2014. Evalúa el papel y las orientaciones políticas tejidas por los gobiernos progresistas de este período, y construye un primer análisis de los procesos políticos, sociales y culturales reaccionarios, investigando algunos de sus mecanismos institucionales de disputa sobre la hegemonía y la imposición del reaccionario conservador. Discute el nuevo rol de las fuerzas emergentes de los BRICS y el escenario de retroceso presentado en Brasil dentro de esta nueva organización mundial emergente que nos amenaza, tanto desde el punto de vista de la paz como del ambiente. Termina situando la educación escolar, desde la educación primaria hasta la educación superior, como un campo de disputa fundamental y actualmente central para la resistencia de los sectores populares y progresistas, y para la construcción de una referencia humanizadora y crítica a la sociedad. Reflexiones importantes para la resistencia y la supervivencia frente al revés que está en marcha.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT: This essay is an interpretation of the social, political and economic transformations that took place in Brazil, within the framework of the general progressive changes that took place in South America during the years 2000-2014. It evaluates the role and the political directions woven by the progressive governments of this period and constitutes the first analysis of the reactionary political, social and cultural processes, investigating some of their institutional mechanisms in the dispute for hegemony and imposition of conservative reactionaryism. It discusses the new role of the emerging forces of the BRICS and the reality of retrogression shown in Brazil within the new world organization that threatens us all, both from the point of view of peace and the environment. As a conclusion, it situates school education, from basic to higher education, as a field of fundamental dispute - and currently central - to the resistance of the popular and progressive sectors, in order to conform a humanizing and critical direction for society. These are important reflections for resistance and survival in the face of the ongoing backlash.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Capitalismo global]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[economias regionais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[América Latina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[luta social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[educação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Capitalismo global]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[economías regionales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[América Latina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[lucha social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[educación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Global capitalism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[regional economies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Latin America]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social struggle]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[education]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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