<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0103-6831</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Estudos em Avaliação Educacional]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Est. Aval. Educ.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0103-6831</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundação Carlos Chagas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0103-68312018000100078</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18222/eae.v0ix.4050</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[A (des)igualdade de conhecimento no ciclo de alfabetiza&#231;&#227;o]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La (des)igualdad de conocimiento en el ciclo de alfabetización]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The (in)equality of knowledge in the literacy cycle]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Naira da Costa Muylaert]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonamino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alicia Maria Catalano de]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pontes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Antonio Fajardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro Departamento de Educação ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro Departamento de Educação ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Centro de Políticas Públicas e Avaliação da Educação ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>70</numero>
<fpage>78</fpage>
<lpage>106</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0103-68312018000100078&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0103-68312018000100078&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0103-68312018000100078&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO Este trabalho busca contribuir para o debate acerca do tema das desigualdades educacionais, por meio da investiga&#231;&#227;o da (re)produ&#231;&#227;o da desigualdade de conhecimento. Com base nos dados da avalia&#231;&#227;o longitudinal da alfabetiza&#231;&#227;o do Esp&#237;rito Santo, das edi&#231;&#245;es de 2012, 2013 e 2014, o estudo analisou a varia&#231;&#227;o do percentual de acerto entre turmas de alto e baixo desempenho nos testes de Leitura do 1&#186; e 3&#186; ano do ensino fundamental. O principal resultado aponta que a aquisi&#231;&#227;o das habilidades &#233; mais heterog&#234;nea no 1&#186; ano, o que permite supor que, ao longo do ciclo de alfabetiza&#231;&#227;o, os alunos podem ter passado por processos de reorganiza&#231;&#227;o intraescolar que tornaram seus resultados mais homog&#234;neos, ou seja, menos desiguais. A despeito disso, h&#225; determinadas habilidades que n&#227;o est&#227;o consolidadas at&#233; o fim do 3&#186; ano, o que evidencia a inefic&#225;cia das pol&#237;ticas atuais para fazer com que os alunos adquiram habilidades imprescind&#237;veis ao processo de alfabetiza&#231;&#227;o.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Este trabajo intenta contribuir con el debate acerca del tema de las desigualdades educacionales, por medio de la investigaci&#243;n de la (re)producci&#243;n de la desigualdad de conocimiento. En base a los datos de la evaluaci&#243;n longitudinal de la alfabetizaci&#243;n del estado de Esp&#237;rito Santo en las ediciones de 2012, 2013 y 2014, el estudio analiz&#243; la variaci&#243;n del porcentual de acierto entre grupos de alto y bajo desempe&#241;o en las pruebas de Lectura del 1er y 3er a&#241;o de la educaci&#243;n b&#225;sica. El principal resultado se&#241;ala que la adquisici&#243;n de las habilidades es m&#225;s heterog&#233;nea en el 1er a&#241;o, lo que permite suponer que, a lo largo del ciclo de alfabetizaci&#243;n, los alumnos pueden haber pasado por procesos de reorganizaci&#243;n intraescolar que hicieron que sus resultados fueran m&#225;s homog&#233;neos, es decir, menos desiguales. A pesar de ello, hay determinadas habilidades que no se consolidan hasta fines del 3er a&#241;o, lo que pone de manifiesto la ineficacia de las actuales pol&#237;ticas para que los alumnos aprendan habilidades imprescindibles al proceso de alfabetizaci&#243;n.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The present study seeks to contribute to the debate about educational inequalities, using the study of the (re)production of the inequality of knowledge. Based on data from the longitudinal evaluation of literacy in Esp&#237;rito Santo, from the 2012, 2013 and 2014 publications, this study has analyzed the percentage of variation between the high and low performance groups in the Reading Tests of the 1st and 3rd years of high school. The main results point out that the acquisition of skills is more heterogenous in the 1st year, which supports the hypothesis that, during the literacy cycle, students may have gone through intrascholastic reorganization processes which make their results more homogeneous. That is, less unequal. Despite this, there are certain skills that are not consolidated by the end of the 3rd year, which provides evidence of the ineffectiveness of the current policies for students to learn essential skills throughout the literacy process.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Alfabetização]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Avaliação da Educação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Conhecimentos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Desigualdades Educacionais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Alfabetización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Evaluación de la Educación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Conocimientos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Desigualdades Educacionales.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Literacy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Educational Evaluation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Knowledge]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Educational Inequalities]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALVES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. T. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FRANCO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Pesquisa em eficácia escolar no Brasil: origem e trajetórias.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BROOKE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SOARES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A pesquisa em eficácia escolar no Brasil: evidências sobre o efeito das escolas e fatores associados à eficácia escolar]]></source>
<year></year>
<page-range>483-502</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Belo Horizonte ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora UFMG]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Constituição (1988) da República Federativa do Brasil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diário Oficial da União]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília, DF ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[República Federativa do Brasil]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Lei n. 11.274, de 6 de fevereiro de 2006. Altera a redação dos arts. 29, 30, 32 e 87 da Lei n. 9.394, de 20 de dezembro de 1996, que estabelece as diretrizes e bases da educação nacional, dispondo sobre a duração de 9 (nove) anos para o ensino fundamental, com matrícula obrigatória a partir dos 6 (seis) anos de idade]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diário Oficial da União]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília, DF ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[República Federativa do Brasil]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CARVALHO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Sucesso e fracasso escolar: uma questão de gênero.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educação e Pesquisa]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>185-93</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CRAHAY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Poderá a escola ser justa e eficaz? Da igualdade de oportunidades à igualdade de conhecimentos.]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Piaget]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>ESPÍRITO SANTO. Secretaria de Educação</collab>
<collab>ESPÍRITO SANTO. Secretaria de Educação</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Pedagógica]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Alfa Juiz de Fora ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Paebes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ESPÍRITO SANTO. Secretaria de Educação</collab>
<collab>ESPÍRITO SANTO. Secretaria de Educação</collab>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>2</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Juiz de Fora ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Paebes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ESPÍRITO SANTO. Secretaria de Educação</collab>
<collab>ESPÍRITO SANTO. Secretaria de Educação</collab>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>1</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[7de Fora ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Paebes Alfa]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FRANCO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Qualidade e equidade na educação fundamental brasileira]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HAMBLETON]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fundamentals of item response theory.]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Newbury Park ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sage Publications]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HOGAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Introdução à prática de testes psicológicos]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[LTC]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MISLEVY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BOCK]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bilog: Item analysis and test scoring with binary models]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Scientific Software]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RAUDENBUSH]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BRYK]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Hierarchical Linear Models]]></source>
<year></year>
<edition>2</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Thousand Oaks ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sage]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RIBEIRO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Que princípios de justiça para a Educação Básica?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cadernos de Pesquisa]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>154</numero>
<issue>154</issue>
<page-range>1.094-1.109</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SOARES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALVES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. T. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Desigualdades raciais no sistema brasileiro de educação básica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educação e Pesquisa]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>147-65</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SOARES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ANDRADE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Nível sócio-econômico, qualidade e equidade das escolas de Belo Horizonte]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ensaio: Avaliação de Políticas Públicas Educacionais]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>50</numero>
<issue>50</issue>
<page-range>107-26</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[XAVIER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALVES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. T. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A composição social importa para os efeitos das escolas no ensino fundamental?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Estudos em Avaliação Educacional]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>61</numero>
<issue>61</issue>
<page-range>216-43</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
