<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0103-6831</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Estudos em Avaliação Educacional]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Est. Aval. Educ.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0103-6831</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundação Carlos Chagas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0103-68312026000100202</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18222/eae.v37.11832</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[INTEGRANDO A DESIGUALDADE AO IDEB POR MEIO DE UM INDICADOR COMPLEMENTAR]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[INTEGRANDO LA DESIGUALDAD AL IDEB MEDIANTE UN INDICADOR COMPLEMENTARIO]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[INTEGRATING INEQUALITY INTO IDEB THROUGH A COMPLEMENTARY INDICATOR]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[WALTENBERG]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FABIO DOMINGUES]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MARCOJE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BEATRIZ MORGADO]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MIGUEL]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LAÍS DA COSTA DE DEUS]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BARRETO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MYLENA DA SILVA GOMES]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal Fluminense  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Niterói RJ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal Fluminense  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Niterói RJ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal Fluminense  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Niterói RJ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal Fluminense  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Niterói RJ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>37</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0103-68312026000100202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0103-68312026000100202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0103-68312026000100202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO Neste artigo, introduzimos o Ideb-D, um Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (Ideb) ajustado à desigualdade, compreendido como um indicador complementar ao Ideb. A divulgação simultânea dos dois evidenciaria a penalização de cada unidade educacional pela desigualdade de desempenho entre seus alunos. Como ilustração, comparamos o ordenamento pelo Ideb e pelo Ideb-D das regiões e também das unidades federativas brasileiras em 2007 e 2019. A penalização pela desigualdade implica inversões de posição, que se tornam mais frequentes conforme aumenta a aversão à desigualdade, controlada por um parâmetro na fórmula do indicador. Uma vantagem do Ideb-D é que ele leva em conta a desigualdade sem desprezar a nota de nenhum aluno - notas mais baixas são priorizadas diante de notas mais altas, e tanto mais quanto maior for o parâmetro de aversão à desigualdade.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN En este artículo, introducimos el Ideb-D, un Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica [Índice de Desarrollo de la Educación Básica] (Ideb) ajustado a la desigualdad, concebido como un indicador complementario al Ideb. La divulgación simultánea de ambos evidenciaría la penalización de cada unidad educativa por la desigualdad de rendimiento entre sus alumnos. A modo de ilustración, comparamos la ordenación por el Ideb y por el Ideb-D de las regiones y también de las unidades federativas brasileñas en 2007 y 2019. La penalización por desigualdad implica inversiones de posición, las cuales se vuelven más frecuentes a medida que aumenta la aversión a la desigualdad, controlada por un parámetro en la fórmula del indicador. Una ventaja del Ideb-D es que considera la desigualdad sin descartar la calificación de ningún alumno, se priorizan las notas más bajas frente a las más altas, tanto más cuanto mayor sea el parámetro de aversión a la desigualdad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT In this article, we introduce the Ideb-D, an Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica [Basic Education Development Index] (Ideb) adjusted for inequality conceived as a complementary indicator to the Ideb. The simultaneous publication of both indicators would make explicit the extent to which each educational unit is penalized by inequality in student performance. As an illustration, we compare rankings based on Ideb and Ideb-D for Brazilian regions and federative units in 2007 and 2019. Penalization for inequality leads to rank reversals, which become more frequent as the aversion to inequality increases, given by a parameter in the indicator expression. One advantage of Ideb-D is that it takes inequality into account without disregarding any student&#8217;s score - lower scores are prioritized over higher scores, and the higher the inequality aversion parameter, the greater the priority.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[IDEB]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[DESIGUALDADE EDUCACIONAL]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[INDICADORES EDUCACIONAIS.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[IDEB]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[DESIGUALDAD EDUCATIVA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[INDICADORES EDUCATIVOS.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[IDEB]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITY]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[PUBLIC POLICIES]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[EDUCATIONAL INDICATORS.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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