<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0104-4036</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ensaio: Avaliação e Políticas Públicas em Educação]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ensaio: aval. pol. públ. educ.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0104-4036</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundação CESGRANRIO]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0104-40362018000100231</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/S0104-40362018002601120</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Neurociências e formação de professores: reflexos na educação e economia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Neuroscience and teacher&#8217;s training: impacts on education and economics]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Neurociencia y formación de profesores: reflejos em la educación y economía]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diego de]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cyrus Antônio Villas]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Joaçaba Santa Catarina]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de São Paulo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[São Paulo São Paulo]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>98</numero>
<fpage>231</fpage>
<lpage>247</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0104-40362018000100231&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0104-40362018000100231&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0104-40362018000100231&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Este ensaio discute as rela&#231;&#245;es entre os n&#237;veis educacionais e a macroeconomia de uma regi&#227;o, passando pela forma&#231;&#227;o de professores. O modelo educacional atual tem demonstrado falhas em educar indiv&#237;duos para as novas necessidades econ&#244;micas que requerem profissionais criativos e com capacidade de resolu&#231;&#227;o de problemas. Defende-se aqui a ideia de identifica&#231;&#227;o e promo&#231;&#227;o do desenvolvimento de habilidades naturais, o que, por fim, otimizaria o retorno econ&#244;mico dos investimentos em educa&#231;&#227;o. Prop&#245;e-se que seja ampliado, nos curr&#237;culos de forma&#231;&#227;o de professores, o ensino de neuroci&#234;ncias. Assim, educadores poder&#227;o utilizar esse conhecimento para adequar seus m&#233;todos de ensino considerando o funcionamento neural. A mudan&#231;a no sistema educacional, que se inicia com a forma&#231;&#227;o dos educadores, poderia aumentar a efici&#234;ncia do ensino e preparar melhor novos profissionais para as necessidades do mercado de trabalho, gerando ganhos &#224; economia e &#224; equidade de uma regi&#227;o.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This essay aims to discuss the relation between educational levels and macroeconomics within a region, taking into consideration the academic training of teachers in any level. The current educational model, developed during the Industrial Revolution, has shown flaws in preparing professionals to the new economic needs that require creativity and problem-solving working force. We support the idea that individual abilities should be identified and stimulated by educators in order to develop natural skills in students, thus leading to maximization of profit generated by individual investment on education. For that, we propose an approach in which basic neuroscience should be included in the basic training of teachers. Therefore, teachers could be able to take advantage of features of the nervous system to improve their teaching methods. This change in the educational system, which begins by properly instructing teachers, could lead to improvements in preparing professionals to the new needs of society, improving economic return and social equity within a region.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este ensayo discute la relaci&#243;n entre los niveles educativos y la macroeconom&#237;a de una regi&#243;n, pasando a la formaci&#243;n de profesores. El modelo educativo actual ha mostrado errores en la educaci&#243;n de las personas a las nuevas necesidades econ&#243;micas que requieren profesionales creativos y con capacidad para resolver problemas. Se argumenta aqu&#237; la idea de que las capacidades de los estudiantes deben ser identificadas con el fin de promover el desarrollo de sus capacidades naturales, culminando en la optimizaci&#243;n de la rentabilidad econ&#243;mica. Se propone un enfoque en que se inserta en los programas de formaci&#243;n del profesorado las bases de neurociencia. As&#237;, los educadores podr&#225;n utilizar este conocimiento para adaptar sus m&#233;todos de ense&#241;anza de acuerdo con el funcionamiento neural. Este cambio en el sistema educativo, a partir de la formaci&#243;n de profesores, podr&#237;a aumentar la eficacia de la educaci&#243;n y preparar a los profesionales a las necesidades del mercado de trabajo actual, generando beneficios reales para la econom&#237;a y la equidad de una regi&#243;n.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Educação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Economia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Neurociências]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Formação de professores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Economy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neuroscience]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Teacher&#8217;s training]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Educación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Economía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Neurociencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Formación de profesores]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALDRICH]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Neuroscience, education and the evolution of human brain]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[History of Education: Journal of the History of Education Society]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>396-410</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ANDERSON]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GREEN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Suppressing unwanted memories by executive control]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>410</volume>
<numero>6826</numero>
<issue>6826</issue>
<page-range>366-69</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ANSARI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[COCH]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Bridges over troubled waters: education and cognitive neuroscience]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trends in Cognitive Sciences]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>146-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BERG]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Education and jobs: The training robbery]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Harper Collins Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BRESNAHAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GAMBARDELLA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SAXENIAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[&#8220;Old Economy&#8221; inputs for &#8220;New Economy&#8221; outcomes: Cluster formation in the New Silicon Valleys]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Industrial and Corporate Change]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>835-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BYRNES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FOX]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The educational relevance of research in cognitive neuroscience]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educational Psychology Review]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>297-342</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CAREW]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MAGSAMEN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Neuroscience and education: An ideal partnership for producing evidence-based solutions to guide 21st century learning]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neuron]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>685-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CARNEIRO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HECKMAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VYTLACIL]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Estimating marginal returns to education]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Economic Review]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>101</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>2754-781</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CHRISTODOULOU]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GAAB]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Using and misusing neuroscience in education-related research]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cortex]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>555-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[COCH]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ANSARI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Thinking about mechanisms is crucial to connecting neuroscience and education]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cortex]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>546-47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[COLLINS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The credential society: A historical sociology of education and stratification]]></source>
<year></year>
<edition>1</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academic Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CONDLIFFE-LAGEMANN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[An elusive science: The troubling history of educational research]]></source>
<year></year>
<edition>1</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Chicago Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[COSTA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SOARES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. P. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Educação e pobreza: teoria da justiça como equidade e a política do reconhecimento]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educação]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>124-37</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto Alegre ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CUNHA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HECKMAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The technology of skill formation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Economic Review]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>97</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>31-47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CUNHA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HECKMAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Formulating, identifying and estimating the technology of cognitive and noncognitive skill formation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Human Resources]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>738-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DAVIS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Conceptualizing the role and influence of student-teacher relationships on children&#8217;s social and cognitive development]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educational Psychologist]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>207-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DAW]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SHOHAMY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The cognitive neuroscience of motivation and learning]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Social Cognition]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>593-620</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DELLA SALA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mind myths: Exploring popular assumptions about the mind and brain]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Wiley]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FLETCHER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SCHIRP]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<collab>Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)</collab>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Neuromythologies]]></article-title>
<collab>Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Understanding the brain: Towards a new learning science]]></source>
<year></year>
<page-range>69-77</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OECD Publishing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GLEICHGERRCHT]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Educational Neuromyths Among Teachers in Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mind, Brain, and Education]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>170-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GOSWAMI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Neuroscience and education]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[British Journal of Educational Physiology]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HECKMAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Skill formation and the economics of investing in disadvantaged children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>312</volume>
<numero>5782</numero>
<issue>5782</issue>
<page-range>1900-902</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HECKMAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Schools, skills, and synapses]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economic Inquiry]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>289-324</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HECKMAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The rate of return to the HighScope Perry Preschool Program]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Public Economics]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>94</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
<page-range>114-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HECKMAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[KAUTZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Hard evidence on soft skills]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Labour Economics]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>451-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HECKMAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RUBINSTEIN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. The benefits of skill]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The importance of noncognitive skills: Lessons from the GED testing program]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Economic Review]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>91</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>145</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HERCULANO-HOUZEL]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Do you know your brain? A survey on public neuroscience literacy at the closing of the decade of the brain]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Neuroscientist: a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>98-110</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HOWARD-JONES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Neuroscience and education: myths and messages]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature Reviews Neuroscience]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>817-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[IMMORDINO-YANG]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DAMASIO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[We Feel, Therefore We Learn: The Relevance of Affective and Social Neuroscience to Education]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mind, Brain, and Education]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>3-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ESTUDOS E PESQUISAS EDUCACIONAIS ANÍSIOTEIXEIRA - INEP</collab>
<collab>INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ESTUDOS E PESQUISAS EDUCACIONAIS ANÍSIOTEIXEIRA - INEP</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Índice de desenvolvimento da educação básica]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IDEB]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[JOHNSON]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Credentialism and the Proliferation of Fake Degrees: The Employer Pretends to Need a Degree; The Employee Pretends to Have One]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hofstra Labour and Employment Law Journal]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>269-343</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[KELLEY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BERRIDGE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The neuroscience of natural rewards: relevance to addictive drugs]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journal of neuroscience]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>3306-311</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[KUHN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A estrutura das revoluções científicas]]></source>
<year></year>
<edition>10</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora Perspectiva]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MASON]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Bridging neuroscience and education: a two-way path is possible]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cortex]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>548-49</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MCGAUGH]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Memory: a Century of consolidation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>287</volume>
<numero>5451</numero>
<issue>5451</issue>
<page-range>248-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MEDINA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Brain Rules: 12 principles for surviving and thriving at work, home and school]]></source>
<year></year>
<edition>1</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Seatle, WA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pear Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>NOBELPRIZING.ORG</collab>
<collab>NOBELPRIZING.ORG</collab>
<source><![CDATA[James J. Heckman: Biographical]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<collab>ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT &#8211; OECD</collab>
<collab>ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT &#8211; OECD</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Understanding the Brain: the Birth of a Learning Science. New insights on learning through cognitive and brain science]]></source>
<year></year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ OECD/CERI International Conference &#8220;Learning in the 21st Century: Research, Innovation and Policy&#8221;]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ROBINSON]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Do schools kill creativity?]]></source>
<year></year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ GLOBAL TED]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ROBINSON]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bring on the learning revolution!]]></source>
<year></year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ GLOBAL TED]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SCHACTER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ADDIS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. R. Constructive memory]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The ghosts of past and future]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>445</volume>
<numero>7123</numero>
<issue>7123</issue>
<page-range>27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SCHWARTZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Mind, Brain and Education: A decade of evolution]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mind, Brain and Education]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>64-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TONEGAWA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Memory engram storage and retrieval]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Current Opinion in Neurobiology]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>101-09</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TONEGAWA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Memory engram cells have come of age]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neuron]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>87</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>918-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[WILLINGHAM]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Three problems in the marriage of neuroscience and education]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cortex]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>544-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
