<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0104-4060</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Educar em Revista]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Educ. Rev.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0104-4060</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Setor de Educação da Universidade Federal do Paraná]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0104-40602021000101202</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/0104-4060.77696</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="it"><![CDATA[Gioco e valutazione formativa del bambino: la SVALSI]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Symbolic-Play and formative assessment of the child: SVALSI]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Brincadeira e avaliação formativa da criança: a SVALSI]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bondioli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Savio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Donatella]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Università degli Studi di Pavia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pavia ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>37</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0104-40602021000101202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0104-40602021000101202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0104-40602021000101202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="it"><p><![CDATA[RIASSUNTO Partendo dal presupposto che l&#8217;assessment delle condotte infantili debba avere un significato essenzialmente formativo, non diagnostico né ricognitivo, l&#8217;articolo intende presentare la SVALSI (Scala di Valutazione delle Abilità Ludico-Simboliche Infantili), uno strumento di osservazione e valutazione del gioco simbolico di bambini da 2 ai 5 anni. L&#8217;importanza delle condotte ludico-simboliche per il benessere e la crescita dei bambini è segnalata da un&#8217;ampia letteratura di ricerca; perciò, in una prospettiva educativa, è fondamentale avere la possibilità di valutare la loro qualità per sostenerne il pieno sviluppo. La peculiarità del dispositivo sta nelle dimensioni considerate e nella finalità d&#8217;uso. Oggetto di valutazione della SVALSI sono le abilità di decontestualizzazione, decentramento, integrazione, controllo dell&#8217;esecuzione e competenza sociale; tenendo conto dell&#8217;estesa letteratura di riferimento, vengono considerate in una prospettiva evolutiva, dalle forme meno evolute a quelle più mature. La finalità d&#8217;uso è essenzialmente formativa, volta a individuare le zone prossimali di sviluppo di singoli bambini e di gruppi infantili relativamente al gioco, allo scopo di agire in tali zone per promuovere la loro evoluzione. Nel corso della trattazione, oltre alla struttura dello strumento, vengono anche sinteticamente presentate le ricerche che ne hanno accompagnato l&#8217;elaborazione e la messa alla prova.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Assuming that the assessment of children&#8217;s behaviours must essentially have a formative meaning, neither diagnostic nor recognitive, this article intends to present SVALSI (Evaluation Scale of Children&#8217;s Ludic-symbolic Skills), a tool for observation and evaluation of the symbolic play of children from 2 to 5 years old. The importance of playful- symbolic behaviours for the well-being and growth of children is highlighted by extensive research literature: in an educational perspective, it is therefore essential to have the possibility of evaluating their quality in order to support their full development. The Peculiarity of the device lies in the dimensions considered and in the purpose of use. The object of SVALSI assessment are the ludic-symbolic skills of decontextualization, decentralization, integration, execution control and social competence, considered, on the base of an extensive research literature, according to an evolutionary perspective, from the less advanced to the more mature forms.The use of SVALSI is essentially for formative purposes, aimed at identifying the proximal areas of developement of individual children and infant groups in relation to play, so as to work on these areas in order to promote their evolution. In the course of the discussion, in addition to the structure of the tool, the research that accompanied its development and testing is also briefly presented.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO Partindo do pressuposto de que a avaliação dos comportamentos infantis deve ter um sentido essencialmente formativo, não diagnóstico e nem intelectual, este artigo pretende apresentar a SVALSI (Escala de Avaliação das Competências Lúdico-Simbólicas na Infância), um instrumento de observação e avaliação do jogo simbólico de crianças de 2 a 5 anos. A importância dos comportamentos lúdicos-simbólicos para o bem-estar e o crescimento das crianças é destacada por uma extensa literatura acadêmica; portanto, do ponto de vista educacional, é imprescindível ter a oportunidade de avaliar sua qualidade para apoiar seu pleno desenvolvimento. A peculiaridade do dispositivo reside nas dimensões consideradas e na finalidade de uso. A avaliação com a SVALSI é baseada nas habilidades de descontextualização, descentração, integração, controle de execução e competência social; levando em consideração a extensa literatura de referência, elas são consideradas em uma perspectiva evolutiva, desde as formas menos evoluídas até as mais desenvolvidas. O objetivo do uso é essencialmente educacional, visando identificar as zonas de desenvolvimento proximal de cada criança dos grupos infantis em relação ao brincar, a fim de atuar nessas zonas para promover sua transformação. No decorrer da discussão, além da estrutura do instrumento, também são apresentadas resumidamente as pesquisas que acompanharam sua elaboração e verificação de uso.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="it"><![CDATA[Valutazione del bambino]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="it"><![CDATA[Gioco simbolico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="it"><![CDATA[Educazione della Prima Infanzia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="it"><![CDATA[Zona prossimale di sviluppo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="it"><![CDATA[Valutazione formativa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Children&#8217;s assessment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Symbolic play]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Early Childhood Education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Zone of proximal development]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Formative assessment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Avaliação da criança]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Jogo simbólico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Educação infantil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Zona proximal de desenvolvimento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Avaliação formativa]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BATESON]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gregory]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Una teoria del gioco e della fantasia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Verso un'ecologia della mente]]></source>
<year>1976</year>
<page-range>216-35</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Milano ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Adelphi]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BONDIOLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ruolo e funzioni dell'adulto nel gioco simbolico di gruppo]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BONDIOLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Il buffone e il re. Il gioco del bambino e il sapere dell'adulto]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<page-range>219-56</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Scandicci ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[La Nuova Italia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BONDIOLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Gioco e educazione]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Milano ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FrancoAngeli]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BONDIOLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Adult as a Tutor in Fostering Children&#8217;s Symbolic Play]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GÖNCÜ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Artin]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[KLEIN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elisa]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Children in Play, Story, and School]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<page-range>107-31</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Guilford Publications]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BONDIOLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Per una cultura del gioco: il ruolo dell&#8217;adulto]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VENERA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Garantire il diritto al gioco. Studi e ricerche sul diritto al gioco]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<page-range>15-27</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Parma ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Edizioni Junior]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BONDIOLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SAVIO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Donatella]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[L'adulto e il compagno come tutor. Strategie di promozione del gioco socio-drammatico a confronto]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Scuola e Città]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>26-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BONDIOLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SAVIO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Donatella]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Osservare il gioco di finzione: una scala di valutazione delle abilità ludico-simboliche infantili (svalsi)]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<month>a</month>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Azzano S. Paolo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Edizioni Junior]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BONDIOLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SAVIO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Donatella]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Play training as an action in children's zone of proximal development]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Scientia Paedagogica Experimentalis]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<month>b</month>
<volume>XXXI</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>45-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BONDIOLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SAVIO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Donatella]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La valutazione degli esiti formativi nella scuola dell&#8217;infanzia&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rivista dell&#8217;istruzione]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>XXXI</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>72-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BONDIOLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SAVIO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Donatella]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pedagogie per il gioco: l&#8217;adulto nel gioco dei bambini]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SAVIO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Donatella]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bambini e gioco: prospettive multidisciplinari per una pedagogia ludica]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<page-range>157-84</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Azzano S. Paolo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Edizioni Junior]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BULGARELLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BLANQUIN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nicole]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La valutazione del gioco nella ricerca psico-pedagogica italiana. Una sintesi di ricerca]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[L&#8217;integrazione Scolastica e Sociale]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>322-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BULGARELLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Review of the tools for play and play-based assessment]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BESIO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Serenella]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BULGARELLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[STANCHEVA-POPKOSTADINOVA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vaska]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Evaluation of Children&#8217;s Play. Tools and Methods]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>58-113</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Warsaw ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[De Gruyter Open]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BRUNER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jerome]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Natura e usi dell'immaturità. Trad]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BRUNER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jerome]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[JOLLY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alison]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SYLVA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kathy]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Il gioco]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<page-range>25-63</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Roma ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Armando]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CAILLOIS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roger]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[I giochi e gli uomini]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Milano ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Bompiani]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CORSARO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[William]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Le culture dei bambini]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bologna ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Il Mulino]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FEIN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Greta]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A transformational analysis of pretending]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Developmental Psychology]]></source>
<year>1975</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>291-6</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bowling Green ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FEIN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Greta]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Il gioco del far finta: creatività e consapevolezza]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BONDIOLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Il buffone e il re. Il gioco del bambino e il sapere dell&#8217;adulto]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<page-range>133-62</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Scandicci (FI) ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[La Nuova Italia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GARVEY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Catherine]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comunicazione e sviluppo nel gioco sociale di ruolo]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BONDIOLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Il buffone e il re. Il gioco del bambino e il sapere dell'adulto]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<page-range>105-31</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Scandicci ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[La Nuova Italia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HOWES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carollee]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Peer play scale]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Developmental Psychology]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>371-2</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bowling Green ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HOWES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carollee]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The collaborative construction of pretend]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Albany ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[State University of New York Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LURIJA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aleksandr Romanovic]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yudovich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. Ya]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Linguaggio e sviluppo dei processi mentali nel bambino]]></source>
<year>1975</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Firenze ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Giunti Barbèra]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PARTEN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mildred]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Social partecipation among pre-school children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Abnormal Psychology]]></source>
<year>1932</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>243-69</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Worcester ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PIAGET]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jean]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Il pensiero e il linguaggio del bambino]]></source>
<year>1962</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Firenze ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Giunti-Barbera]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PIAGET]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jean]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La formazione del simbolo nel fanciullo]]></source>
<year>1974</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Scandicci (FI) ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[La Nuova Italia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RAY-KAESER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sylvie]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The evaluation of play from occupational therapy and psychology perspectives]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BESIO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Serenella]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BULGARELLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[STANCHEVA-POPKOSTADINOVA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vaska]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Evaluation of children&#8217;s play]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>19-57</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Poland Ltd, Warsaw/Berlin ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[De Gruyter]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ROGOFF]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Barbara]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Apprenticeship in thinking: Cognitive development in social context]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SAVIO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Donatella]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Il gioco simbolico in ambito prescolare: analisi dell&#8217;interazione tra adulto e gruppo infantile]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Università degli studi di Roma "La Sapienza"]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SAVIO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Donatella]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Il gioco e l&#8217;identità educativa del nido d&#8217;infanzia: un percorso di valutazione formativa partecipata nei nidi di Modena]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Azzano S. Paolo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Edizioni Junior]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SAVIO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Donatella]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Il gioco al centro: criticità e opportunità per una prospettiva educativa 0-6]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ELIA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Giuseppe]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[POLENGHI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Simonetta]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ROSSINI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Valeria]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La scuola tra saperi e valori etico-sociali]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<page-range>945-56</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lecce ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pensa MultiMedia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SCHANK]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roger]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ABELSON]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Robert]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Scripts, goals, and understanding]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Hillsdale, NJ ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Erlbaum]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SMILANSKY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sara]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The effects of socio-dramatic play on disadvantaged pre-school children]]></source>
<year>1968</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Wiley]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SMILANSKY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sara]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SHEFATAYA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leah]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Facilitating play: A medium for promoting cognitive, socio-emotional and academic development in young children]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Gaithersburg (MD) ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Psychosocial and Educational Publications]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VYGOTSKY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lev]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Storia delle funzioni psichiche superiori]]></source>
<year>1974</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Firenze ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Giunti-Barbera]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VYGOTSKY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lev]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Pensiero e linguaggio]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bari ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Laterza]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VYGOTSKY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lev]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Il ruolo del gioco nello sviluppo mentale del bambino]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BRUNER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jerome]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[JOLLY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alison]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SYLVA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kathy]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Il gioco]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<page-range>657-78</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Roma ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Armando]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[WERTSH]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[James]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[From Social Interactions to Higher Psychological Processes: A Clarification and Application of Vygotsky&#8217;s Theory]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Human Development]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[WOOD]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BRUNER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jerome]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ROSS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gail]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of tutoring in problem solving]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J. Child Psychol. Psychiat]]></source>
<year>1976</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>89-100</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
