<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1413-2478</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Brasileira de Educação]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Bras. Educ.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1413-2478</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ANPEd - Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1413-24782004000200006</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[A arte de endurecer &#8220;miolos moles e cérebros brandos&#8221;: a racionalidade médico-higiênica e a construção social da infância]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gondra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Inára]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A06">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2004</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2004</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>26</numero>
<fpage>69</fpage>
<lpage>84</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1413-24782004000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1413-24782004000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1413-24782004000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Pensar a infância implica trabalhar com a idéia de uma vida segmentada, construir marcos de começo e término das diferentes fases, num gradiente de idades evolutivo e linear. Assim, a tentativa de especificar essas etapas termina por repartir a vida de forma detalhada, além de unificar o que se encontra recoberto em cada uma das supostas idades da vida. Unificação que não é propriedade de um passado mais recuado, pois persiste na atualidade a crença em uma infância homogênea e cronologicamente repartida. Dessa forma, a cronologia da vida, problematizada nesse trabalho, considera tanto a base, a carga e o tempo de amadurecimento biológico dos sujeitos, como as variantes culturais e a história, que também definem, de forma decisiva, as possibilidades surpreendentes do ser humano.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[A reflection on childhood implies working with the idea of a segmented life, establishing initial and final limits for the different phases, in an evolving linear age scale. Thus, the attempt to specify such stages ends by dividing life up into multiple segments, in addition to unifying what remains hidden in each of the supposed ages of life. Unification is not the property of a more distant past, as the belief in a homogeneously and chronologically divided childhood persists up until now. In this way, the chronology of life, discussed in this article, considers not only the base, load and time of people&#8217;s biological maturation, but also the cultural differences and the history that define, in a decisive way, the surprising possibilities of the human being.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Educação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Infância]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Higiene]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Childhood]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hygiene]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <html> <head> <title>A arte de endurecer &ldquo;miolos moles e c&eacute;rebros brandos&rdquo;: a racionalidade m&eacute;dico-higi&ecirc;nica e a constru&ccedil;&atilde;o social da inf&acirc;ncia.</title> <font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> <h2>A  arte de endurecer &ldquo;miolos moles e c&eacute;rebros brandos&rdquo;: a racionalidade  m&eacute;dico-higi&ecirc;nica e a constru&ccedil;&atilde;o social da inf&acirc;ncia.</h2> <h3>The art of hardening &ldquo;soft minds and tender brains&rdquo;: a  medical- hygienic rationality and the social construction of childhood.</h3>     <p>&nbsp;</p> <h4>Jos&eacute;  Gondra, In&aacute;ra Garcia</h4> </font> </html>      ]]></body>
</article>
