<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1413-6538</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Brasileira de Educação Especial]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. bras. educ. espec.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1413-6538</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Associação Brasileira de Pesquisadores em Educação Especial - ABPEE]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1413-65382000000100007</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Filosofias educacionais em relação ao surdo: do oralismo à comunicação total ao bilingüismo]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Educational philosophies concerning the deaf: from oralism to total communication to bilingualism]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Capovilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A07">
<institution><![CDATA[,USP  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2000</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2000</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>06</volume>
<numero>01</numero>
<fpage>99</fpage>
<lpage>116</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1413-65382000000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1413-65382000000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1413-65382000000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[O artigo enfatiza a importância da linguagem para o desenvolvimento social, emocional e intelectual da criança. Revê alguns fatores psicossociais e concepções históricas que auxiliam a entender atitudes quanto ao surdo, da antigüidade clássica aos dias de hoje, e relata alguns achados que auxiliam a compreender alguns dos motivos subjacentes à mudança de orientação da filosofia educacional quanto ao surdo, do oralismo à comunicação total, e desta ao bilingüismo. Descreve também alguns dos recursos oferecidos pela comunicação total, além de um programa bilíngüe pioneiro muito bem-sucedido que integra a maior parte daqueles recursos. Dada a importância crucial da linguagem para o desenvolvimento da criança, o artigo reitera a importância da educação bilíngüe da criança surda.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The paper emphasizes the importance of language for the social, emotional and intellectual development of the child. It revisits some psycho-social factors and historic conceptions that help to understand attitudes towards the deaf, from the Greeks to contemporary days. lt also analyzes some research findings that help to comprehend some of the reasons underlying the shift that has occurred in the educational philosophy concerning the deaf, from Oralism to Total Communication lo Bilingualism. It also describes some of the resources offered by Total Communication, as well as a pioneer successful program lo bilingual education that integrates most of those resources. Given the crucial importance of language for child development, the paper stresses the importance of bilingual education of the deaf child.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Surdez]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Língua de Sinais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Educação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Oralismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Comunicação Total]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Bilingüismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Deafness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sign Language]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Oralism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Total Communication]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bilingualism]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  <font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> <h2>Filosofias educacionais em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o ao surdo: do oralismo &agrave;  comunica&ccedil;&atilde;o total ao biling&uuml;ismo.</h2> <h3>Educational   philosophies concerning the deaf: from oralism to total communication to   bilingualism.</h3>     <p>&nbsp;</p> <h4>Fernando C. Capovilla</h4>     <p>&nbsp;</p> </font>       ]]></body>
</article>
