<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1414-4077</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Avaliação: Revista da Avaliação da Educação Superior (Campinas)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Avaliação (Campinas)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1414-4077</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Publicação da Rede de Avaliação Institucional da Educação Superior (RAIES), da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) e da Universidade de Sorocaba (UNISO)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1414-40772022000300674</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/s1414-40772022000300015</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The determinants of the performance in the entrance exam of the Federal University of Minas Gerais]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Os determinantes do desempenho no exame de seleçao da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Golgher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[André]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Departamento de Economia CEDEPLAR]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>674</fpage>
<lpage>694</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1414-40772022000300674&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1414-40772022000300674&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1414-40772022000300674&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[In order to decrease inequalities in tertiary education attendance, many Brazilian public institutions implemented affirmative action policies in the last decades. In particular, a bonus policy was implemented at UFMG in 2009, which was substituted by a quota policy in 2012. Besides, other policies also implemented by this and other public universities in Brazil may have had an indirect effect of promoting an increase in minorities&#8217; attendance, such as the Restructuring and Expansion of Federal Universities (Reuni) policy and the use of the National Exam of the Secondary Level (ENEM) as a tool for tertiary education student&#8217;s selection. This paper analyzes the determinants of the performance in the entrance exam of Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), between the years of 2009 and 2013, with a focus on these policy changes. Affirmative action and Reuni policies did not affect remarkably the performance of minorities at the UFMG´s selection process. However, the use of ENEM as the first stage in this process relatively decreased the performance of minorities. Moreover, differences for skin color were dwarfed by other inequalities, such as the household income, the parent&#8217;s educational level or the type of the secondary school attended by the student.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Muitas instituições públicas brasileiras de ensino superior implementaram recentemente políticas de ação afirmativa com o intuito de diminuir desigualdades no acesso de grupos minoritários. Em particular, a política de bônus foi implementada na Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) em 2009, e ela foi substituída pela política de cotas em 2012. Além disso, outras políticas implementadas por essa e por outras instituições de ensino superior no Brasil também podem ter afetado indiretamente o acesso de minorias nas universidades, tais como a política de Reestruturação e Expansão das Universidades Federais (Reuni) e o uso do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) como ferramenta de seleção de alunos. Esse artigo analisa os determinantes do desempenho no vestibular da UFMG, entre os anos de 2009 e 2013, tendo como foco essas mudanças de política citadas. As políticas de ação afirmativa e do Reuni não afetaram notavelmente o desempenho das minorias no processo de seleção da UFMG. No entanto, o uso do ENEM como primeira etapa desse processo diminuiu relativamente o desempenho das minorias. Além disso, as diferenças de cor da pele foram bem menores que outras desigualdades, como a renda familiar, o nível educacional dos pais ou o tipo de escola secundária frequentada pelo aluno.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[desempenho]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio - ENEM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[performance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[National Exam of the Secondary Level - ENEM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ARANHA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antônia]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Programas de inclusão na UFMG: o efeito do bônus e do reuni nos quatro primeiros anos de vigência - um estudo sobre acesso e permanência]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educação em Revista]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>04</numero>
<issue>04</issue>
<page-range>317-45</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Belo Horizonte, MG ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ARAÚJO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SIQUEIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Liedge]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Determinantes do desempenho escolar dos alunos da 4ª. série do ensino fundamental no Brasil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economia e Desenvolvimento]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[João Pessoa PB ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BAI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Chong-en]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CHI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Wei]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Determinants of undergraduate GPAs in China: college entrance examination scores, high school achievement, and admission route]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[MPRA paper]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BARROS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Determinantes do desempenho educacional do Brasil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pesquisa e Planejamento Econômico]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-42</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro, RJ ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BARROS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aparecida]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vestibular e ENEM: um debate contemporâneo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ensaio: Avaliação e políticas públicas em Educação]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>85</numero>
<issue>85</issue>
<page-range>1057-90</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro, RJ ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BEHRENDT]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Amy]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Selectivity bias and the determinants of SAT scores]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economics of Education Review]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>363-71</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Tennessee, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CUNHA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Flávio]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HECKMAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[James]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Technology of Skill Formation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Economic Review]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>97</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>31-47</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Pittsburg, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FRANCIS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrew]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TANNURI-PIANTO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The redistributive equity of affirmative action: Exploring the role of race, socioeconomic status, and gender in college admissions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economics of Education Review]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<month>a</month>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>45-55</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Tennessee, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FRANCIS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrew]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TANNURI-PIANTO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Using Brazil&#8217;s racial continuum to examine the short-term effects of affirmative action in higher education]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Human Resources]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<month>b</month>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>754-84</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madison, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FRYER JR]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roland]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An Economic Analysis of Color-Blind Affirmative Action]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>319-55</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford, UK ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GOLGHER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[André]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Avaliação de impacto do bônus sociorracial da UFMG no desempenho acadêmico dos estudantes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mediações - Revista de Ciências Sociais]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Londrina, PR ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GOLGHER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[André]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Desempenho acadêmico dos estudantes da UFMG: uma análise da política de bônus sociorracial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ciências Sociais em Perspectiva]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>120-45</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cascável, PR ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HOLZER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Harry]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NEUMARK]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Affirmative action: What do we know?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Policy Analysis and Management]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>463-90</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LIMA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edileusa]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MACHADO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lucília]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reuni e Expansão universitária na UFMG de 2008 a 2012]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educação e realidade]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>383-406</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto Alegra, RS ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MACHADO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Qualidade do ensino em matemática: determinantes do desempenho de alunos em escolas públicas estaduais mineiras]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[EconomiA]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>23-45</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília, DF ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MOETO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cecília]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A influência dos processos seletivos das universidades sobre os currículos de física da escola básica: estudo comparativo entre questões de física do ENEM e de um programa de ingresso em universidade pública]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE PESQUISA EM EDUCAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS, 11]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2017</conf-date>
<conf-loc>Florianópolis, SC </conf-loc>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Florianópolis ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NOGUEIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudio]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Promessas e limites: o Sisu e sua implementação na Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educação em Revista]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Belo Horizonte, MG ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PEDROSA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Renato]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Academic performance, students&#8217; background and affirmative action at a Brazilian university]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Higher education management and policy]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1-20</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris, France ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ROTHSTEIN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jesse]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[College performance predictions and the SAT]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Econometrics]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>121</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
<page-range>297-317</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Amsterdan, Nederlands ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SANTOS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mac]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio: entre a regulação da qualidade do Ensino Médio e o vestibular]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educação em Revista]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<page-range>195-205</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Belo Horizonte, MG ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SANTOS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Julio]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CORLELAZZO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ânge]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Os conteúdos de biologia celular no Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio - ENEM]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Avaliação]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>591-612</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Campinas; Sorocaba, SP ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SILVA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nelson]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HASENBALG]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recursos familiares e transições educacionais]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cadernos de Saúde Pública]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>^ssuplemento</numero>
<issue>^ssuplemento</issue>
<supplement>suplemento</supplement>
<page-range>67-76</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro, RJ ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SILVEIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM): uma análise crítica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo, SP ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SOARES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALVES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of schools and municipalities in the quality of basic education]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Caderno de Pesquisa]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>119</numero>
<issue>119</issue>
<page-range>492-517</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo, SP ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TELLES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edward]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PAIXÃO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcelo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Affirmative action in Brazil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Latim American Studies Association - FORUM]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Pittsburgh, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
