<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1516-7313</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ciência & Educação]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ciência educ.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1516-7313</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1516-73132024000100220</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/1516-731320240022</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Alfabetização científica: o papel dos conhecimentos específicos nas Ciências da Natureza]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Scientific literacy: the role of specific knowledge in the Natural Sciences]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Travitzki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rodrigo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp) Faculdade de Educação ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Campinas SP]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>30</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1516-73132024000100220&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1516-73132024000100220&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1516-73132024000100220&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: Exploramos as relações entre conhecimentos gerais e específicos no ensino de ciências, tendo como referência o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM). Foram analisados 1.050 itens de seis edições, utilizando técnicas de Processamento de Linguagem Natural (PLN) e informações de outros estudos. Segundo os indicadores utilizados, as provas de Ciências da Natureza do ENEM apresentaram, dentre todas, maior importância dos conhecimentos específicos. Isso não significa que conhecimentos específicos sejam sempre necessários na alfabetização científica, nem que sejam suficientes. Para ajudar a lidar com esse tênue equilíbrio entre a importância e a irrelevância de conhecimentos científicos específicos, o artigo articula alguns princípios encontrados na literatura. Além disso, alguns resultados também foram úteis como evidência de validade de conteúdo do ENEM, confirmando, especialmente, a qualidade das provas de Matemática, e Linguagens e Códigos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: This article examines the relationship between general and specific knowledge in science education by using the Brazilian National Secondary School Examination, or ENEM. We used natural language processing techniques as well as information from other studies to analyze 1,050 questions from six editions of the exam. The findings suggest that specific knowledge is more important in natural science testing. However, this does not imply that specific knowledge is always required for scientific literacy or that it suffices. To address the delicate balance between the importance and irrelevance of specific scientific knowledge, the article outlines some principles from existing literature. Furthermore, the study provides evidence of ENEM's content validity, particularly in terms of confirming the accuracy of the mathematics and language tests.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Ensino de ciências]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Avaliação de conhecimentos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[ENEM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Alfabetização científica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Science teaching]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Knowledge evaluation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ENEM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Scientific literacy]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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