<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1517-9702</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Educação e Pesquisa]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Educ. Pesqui.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1517-9702</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1517-97022015000100049</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/S1517-97022015011744</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Trabalho e práxis e sua relação com as pedagogias de Célestin Freinet e de Paulo Freire]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Work and praxis, and their relation to the pedagogies of Célestin Freinet and Paulo Freire]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boleiz Júnior]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Flávio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Natal RN]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>49</fpage>
<lpage>62</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1517-97022015000100049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1517-97022015000100049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1517-97022015000100049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Este artigo &#233; fruto de uma pesquisa bibliogr&#225;fica que investigou os trabalhos pedag&#243;gicos de C&#233;lestin Freinet &#8212; em suas atividades docentes e sua milit&#226;ncia por uma educa&#231;&#227;o popular no interior da Fran&#231;a &#8212; e de Paulo Freire &#8212; em suas atividades de alfabetiza&#231;&#227;o de adultos na regi&#227;o nordeste do Brasil, antes do golpe militar de 1964, em seus trabalhos educacionais no ex&#237;lio e em sua atua&#231;&#227;o como Secret&#225;rio da Educa&#231;&#227;o na cidade de S&#227;o Paulo. Ambos desenvolveram sistemas pr&#243;prios de educa&#231;&#227;o, tendo como base a categoria trabalho e como objetivo a realiza&#231;&#227;o de uma educa&#231;&#227;o popular. Freinet procurou desenvolver um modo de fazer educa&#231;&#227;o prim&#225;ria de qualidade num meio pobre, a partir de uma concep&#231;&#227;o que colocava o educando no centro do trabalho educativo em todas as atividades escolares. Este artigo apresenta como um e outro, respeitadas as peculiaridades de seus trabalhos e dos contextos em que atuaram, ainda que se utilizando de nomenclaturas diferentes e lidando com sujeitos de idades completamente diversas, constru&#237;ram pr&#225;ticas populares de ensino fundamentados nos princ&#237;pios de educa&#231;&#227;o e trabalho, tendo como base para suas obras o processo pedag&#243;gico enquanto trabalho humano.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[This article is the result of bibliographic research that investigated the pedagogical work of C&#233;lestin Freinet &#8212; in his teaching activities and struggle for popular education in France &#8212; and by Paulo Freire &#8212; in his adult literacy activities in the Northeast region of Brazil &#8212; before the military coup of 1964 &#8212;, in his educational work while in exile and in his actions as Secretary of Education of the city of S&#227;o Paulo. They both developed their own teaching systems having the category of labor as a basis and the undertaking of popular education as an objective. Freinet sought to develop a method of quality primary education within an economically poor environment with the underlying conception that the learner was at the center of all educational activities. Bearing in mind the particularities of their work and the contexts in which they acted, this article states that, despite using different nomenclature and dealing with subjects of completely different ages, both authors developed popular teaching practices on the basis of the principles of education and labor, grounding their work on the pedagogical process as human labor.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Freinet]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Freire]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Educação popular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Educação e trabalho]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Freinet]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Freire]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Popular education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Education and labor]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ANTUNES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A dialética do trabalho: escritos de Marx e Engels]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Expressão Popular]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[COSTA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michele Cristine da Cruz]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O pensamento educacional de Célestin Freinet e suas aproximações aos ideais do movimento da Escola Nova]]></source>
<year></year>
<edition>Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação Escolar)</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Araraquara ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ENGELS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Friedrich]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Sobre o papel do trabalho na transformação do macaco em homem]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ANTUNES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A dialética do trabalho: escritos de Marx e Engels]]></source>
<year></year>
<page-range>11-28</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Expressão Popular]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FREINET]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Célestin]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Para uma escola do povo]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FREINET]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Célestin]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A educação do trabalho]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Martins Fontes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FREIRE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paulo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ação cultural para a liberdade e outros escritos]]></source>
<year></year>
<edition>6</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Paz e Terra]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FREIRE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paulo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A importância do ato de ler em três artigos que se completam]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cortez]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FREIRE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paulo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Pedagogia do oprimido]]></source>
<year></year>
<edition>32</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Paz e Terra]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FREIRE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paulo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Pedagogia da autonomia: saberes necessários à prática educativa]]></source>
<year></year>
<edition>33</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Paz e Terra]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GAUTHIER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jacques]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[A criança engenheira dos vegetais e senhora do fogo: devaneando com Célestin Freinet]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista da Faced]]></source>
<year></year>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-3</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Salvador ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MARX]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Karl]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O capital &#8211; Crítica da economia política]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>I</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Abril Cultural]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MARX]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Karl]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O capital &#8211; Crítica da economia política]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>I/II</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Abril Cultural]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MARX]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Karl]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Manuscritos econômico-filosóficos]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Martin Claret]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ORTEGA Y GASSET]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Meditacion de la técnica y otros ensayos sobre ciencia e filosofia]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Alianza]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PARO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vitor Henrique]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Administração escolar: introdução crítica]]></source>
<year></year>
<edition>3</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cortês]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PARO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vitor Henrique]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Parem de preparar para o trabalho!!! Reflexões acerca dos efeitos do neoliberalismo sobre a gestão e o papel da escola básica]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PARO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vitor Henrique]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Escritos sobre educação]]></source>
<year></year>
<page-range>13-31</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Xamã]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PARO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vitor Henrique]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Educação como exercício do poder: crítica ao senso comum em educação]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cortez]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
