<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1517-9702</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Educação e Pesquisa]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Educ. Pesqui.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1517-9702</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1517-97022023000100636</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/s1678-4634202349252467eng</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The impact of Duolingo in developing students&#8217; linguistic competence: an aspect of communicative language competences]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[O impacto do Duolingo no desenvolvimento da competência linguística dos alunos: um aspecto das competências linguísticas comunicativas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peláez-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iris Cristina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velásquez-Durán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anabel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Tecnológico de Monterrey  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Monterrey Nuevo León]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Investigaciones en Educación de la Universidad Veracruzana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Xalapa Veracruz]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>49</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1517-97022023000100636&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1517-97022023000100636&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1517-97022023000100636&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This paper reports the impact of a type of m-learning on developing students&#8217; linguistic and communicative competence in English as a second language. This study is a Mexican-based case using Duolingo to improve virtual courses in higher education students whose first language is Spanish. This study is a quasi-experimental research that analyzed pre-test and post-test results on a sample of 40 participants (control group of 20 participants and experimental group of 20 participants). The measuring instruments were designed for this specific study and focused on testing the six components of linguistic competence according to CEFR at level A2 (2018). A pilottest was previously conducted, and pre-test (0.81) and post-test (0.98) coefficients were considered acceptable according to Cronbach&#8217;s Alpha. This study addressed the following questions: a) How does Duolingo contribute to the development of linguistic competence in higher education students and support English learning in virtual courses via the m-learning methodology? and b) Which components were improved in student´s linguistic competence after using Duolingo? Results revealed a profound improvement in the experimental group participants. The post-test result of the experimental group is superior ( M=43.75) compared with the control group (M=30.35), mainly in the phonological control (+5.20) and the orthographic control (+2.65) compared with the control group, whose score slightly increased primarily attributed to the English virtual classes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Este documento relata o impacto de um tipo de m-learning no desenvolvimento da competência linguística e comunicativa dos estudantes em inglês como segunda língua. Este estudo é um caso mexicano que usa Duolingo para melhorar cursos virtuais voltados para estudantes do ensino superior cuja língua materna é o espanhol. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quase-experimental que analisou resultados pré e pós-testes em uma amostra de 40 participantes (grupo controle de 20 participantes e grupo experimental de 20 participantes). Os instrumentos de medição foram projetados para este estudo específico e se concentraram em testar os seis componentes da competência linguística de acordo com o CEFR no nível A2 (2018). Um teste piloto foi conduzido anteriormente e os coeficientes de pré-teste (0,81) e pós-teste (0,98) foram considerados aceitáveis de acordo com o Alfa de Cronbach. Este estudo abordou as seguintes questões: a) Como o Duolingo contribui para o desenvolvimento da competência linguística de estudantes do ensino superior e apoia a aprendizagem do inglês em cursos virtuais através da metodologia m-learning?; e b) Quais componentes foram melhorados na competência linguística do estudante após o uso do Duolingo? Os resultados revelaram uma profunda melhoria nos participantes do grupo experimental. O resultado pós-teste do grupo experimental foi superior (M=43,75) em comparação ao grupo controle (M=30,35), principalmente no controle fonológico (+5,20) e no controle ortográfico (+2,65), cuja pontuação aumentou ligeiramente, o que se atribui principalmente às suas aulas virtuais de inglês.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Duolingo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[M-learning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Higher education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Linguistic competence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Second language acquisition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Communicative competences]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Duolingo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[M-learning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Ensino superior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Competência linguística]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Aquisição de segunda língua]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Competências comunicativas]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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