<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1517-9702</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Educação e Pesquisa]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Educ. Pesqui.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1517-9702</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1517-97022025000100824</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/s1678-4634202551283925por</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[A creche em Portugal (1974-2023): conceções de criança, educação e cuidado,]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Day-care centres in Portugal (1974-2023): conceptions of children, education, and care*,]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nazario]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roseli]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rocha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tomás]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Catarina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade do Porto Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação e Centro de Investigação e Intervenção Educativas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Federal Catarinense  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa &amp; CICS.NOVA. FCSH NOVA ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>51</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1517-97022025000100824&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1517-97022025000100824&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1517-97022025000100824&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo O entendimento da educação como um direito universalmente reconhecido e como um bem comum torna pertinente indagar a sua relação com o caso específico das crianças até aos 3 anos no Portugal democrático e debater as funções atribuídas à creche, considerando a interdependência cuidar e educar. Referenciadas às Ciências da Educação e às Sociologias da Infância, da Família e da Educação perseguem-se aqueles objetivos submetendo à análise cinco documentos estruturantes das políticas sociais para a creche &#8211; Despacho Normativo 131/84; Despacho Normativo 99/89; Portaria 262/2011; Portaria 271/2020; Portaria 190-A/2023 &#8211;, para neles identificar as conceções de criança, cuidado e educação; compreender as suas continuidades, mudanças e tensões; problematizar a resposta social e/ou educativa que é preconizada. Os resultados apontam para a prevalência de uma política social que, apresentando avanços e retrocessos no período considerado, procura responder às famílias que trabalham, sobressaindo uma conceção de creche com funções de guarda e cuidado (Portugal, 1984, 1989). Posteriormente, um conjunto de recomendações internacionais e nacionais reflete-se numa conceção da creche enquanto resposta socioeducativa em que as crianças ganham alguma centralidade e não apenas as famílias (Portugal, 2011, 2020), assistindo-se agora a um retrocesso educativo (Portugal, 2023). A presença de ambiguidades, tensões e contradições nas conceções de creche, cuidado e educação abre assim espaço para debater a dicotomia cuidar/educar em prol da sua qualidade, e da justiça e equidade na vida das crianças e adultos/as.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Understanding education as a universally recognised right and a public good makes it relevant to explore its relation to children under the age of 3 in democratic Portugal and to debate the roles attributed to day-care centres, considering the interdependence between care and education. Grounded in the fields of educational sciences and the sociologies of childhood, family, and education, the aim of this study is to achieve these objectives by analysing five key legislative documents structuring social policies related to day-care &#8212; Normative Dispatch 131/84; Normative Dispatch 99/89; Order 262/2011; Order 271/2020; and Order 190-A/2023. The objectives are to identify conceptions of childhood, care, and education; to understand their continuities, changes, and tensions; and to problematise the social and/or educational response they propose. The findings highlight the predominance of a social policy that, despite some advancements and regressions over the period, primarily aims to serve working families, with early conceptions of day-care focusing on custodial and caregiving functions Portugal, 1984; 1989. Later, a series of international and national recommendations reflected a shift towards viewing day-care as a socioeducational response, where children gained a degree of centrality rather than merely serving families Portugal, 2011; 2020. However, there is now a perceived educational regression Portugal, 2023. The presence of ambiguities, tensions, and contradictions in the conceptions of day-care, care, and education thus opens space for debating the dichotomy between care and education, intending to improve its quality and promote justice and equity in the lives of children and adults.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Políticas sociais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Creche]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Crianças até aos 3 anos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Cuidar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Educar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Social policies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Day-care]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[centre]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Children up to 3 years old]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Care]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Educate]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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