<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1519-3993</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Educação PUC-Campinas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Educ. Puc.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1519-3993</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1519-39932025000100209</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24220/2318-0870v30a2025e14434</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[A excelência como modelo opressor: violência e convivência escolar]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Excellence as an oppressive model: violence and coexistence at school]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando Ilídio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade do Minho Instituto de Educação Departamento de Ciências Sociais da Educação]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Braga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>30</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1519-39932025000100209&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1519-39932025000100209&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1519-39932025000100209&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Embora a questão da &#8220;violência escolar&#8221; se revista de grande complexidade, ela tende a ser abordada de forma restrita, usualmente centrada na violência interpessoal, entre alunos ou alunos e professores. Este artigo não tem a pretensão de examinar as suas múltiplas formas, mas contribuir para a discussão a respeito dela enquanto fenômeno social. Argumenta-se que a violência neoliberal constitui hoje uma das mais intensas formas de opressão, especialmente por se manifestar de forma oculta, dissimulada e até legitimada. Além de uma discussão teórico-conceitual em torno do fenômeno e da sua relação com o modelo opressor de excelência acadêmica, analisa-se o caso de um agrupamento de escolas português que inclui nos seus princípios e práticas a não violência e a promoção da convivência no ambiente escolar. Sendo o autor um consultor desse grupamento, adotou-se a &#8220;amizade crítica&#8221; como método de pesquisa, numa tentativa de lidar com a familiaridade através da vigilância crítica e reflexiva. As escolas que fazem parte do agrupamento inserem-se num território social e economicamente vulnerável, do qual faz parte o chamado &#8220;bairro social&#8221;, habitado em grande parte por ciganos e imigrantes. Ainda que não consiga manter-se à margem de políticas neoliberais hostis à sua proposta político-pedagógica baseada em direitos humanos, o compromisso do agrupamento escolar com as crianças, os adolescentes, as famílias e as comunidades abrangidos por ele faz com que esteja menos orientado para a excelência e mais para a experiência e o afeto, ocupando, assim, um lugar inclusivo no seu território.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Although the issue of &#8216;school violence&#8217; is highly complex, it tends to be approached in a restricted way, usually centred on interpersonal violence between pupils or between pupils and teachers. This paper is not intended to examine its many forms, but to contribute to the discussion of this issue as a social phenomenon. It is argued that neoliberal violence today constitutes one of the most intense forms of oppression, especially as it manifests itself in a hidden, disguised and even legitimised way. In addition to a theoretical-conceptual discussion of the phenomenon and its relationship with the oppressive model of academic excellence, the case of a Portuguese cluster of schools that includes non-violence and the promotion of coexistence in the school environment in its principles and practices. As the author of this work is a consultant for this cluster of schools, a &#8216;critical friendship&#8217; approach was adopted in an attempt to deal with familiarity through critical and refexive surveillance. The schools that are part of it are located in a socially and economically vulnerable area which includes the so-called &#8216;social neighbourhood&#8217;, inhabited largely by &#8216;gypsies&#8217; and &#8216;immigrants&#8217;. Although it cannot remain on the fringes of neoliberal policies that are hostile to its political-pedagogical proposal based on human rights, its commitment to children and adolescents and the families and communities it covers means that it is less orientated towards excellence and more towards experience and affection, thus occupying an inclusive place in its territory.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Agrupamento de escolas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Direitos humanos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Políticas neoliberais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Território vulnerável]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cluster of schools]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Human rights]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neoliberal policies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Vulnerable territory]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Agrupamento de Escolas Dr. Francisco Sanches</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Projeto Educativo do Agrupamento - 2018/2022]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Braga ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[AEFS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Agrupamento de Escolas Dr. Francisco Sanches</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Projeto Educativo do Agrupamento - 2023/2027]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Braga ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[AEFS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alexander]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Moral Panic, Miracle Cures and Educational Policy: what can we really learn from international comparison?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Scottish Educational Review]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>4-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Althusser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Idéologie et Appareils Idéologiques d&#8217;État]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[La Pensée]]></source>
<year>1970</year>
<numero>151</numero>
<issue>151</issue>
<page-range>3-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aubert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaulejac]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Le Coût de l&#8217;Excellence]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Seuil]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ball]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The teacher&#8217;s soul and the terrors of performativity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Education Policy]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>215-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ball]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[New class inequalities in education: why education policy may be looking in the wrong place!]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>3/4</numero>
<issue>3/4</issue>
<page-range>155-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baskerville]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldblatt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Learning to be a critical friend: from professional indifference through challenge to unguarded conversations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cambridge Journal of Education]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>205-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baudelot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Establet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[L&#8217;école capitaliste en France]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[François Maspero]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boudon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[L&#8217;inégalité des chances]]></source>
<year>1973</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Armand Colin]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bourdieu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Passeron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.-C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La reproduction]]></source>
<year>1970</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Minuit]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bourdieu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Passeron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.-C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Les étudiants et la culture]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Les héritiers]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Minuit]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bowles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gintis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Schooling in capitalist America]]></source>
<year>1976</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge &amp; Kegan Paul]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Butler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[et al. The critical friend: facilitating change and wellbeing in school communities]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Camberwell ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ACER Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canário]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Inovação e projecto educativo de escola]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Educa]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canário]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inovação educativa e práticas profissionais reflexivas]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canário]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Educação, Inovação e Local]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<page-range>13-23</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Setúbal ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ICE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Charlot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A violência na escola: como os sociólogos franceses abordam essa questão]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sociologias]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>432-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coombs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La crise mondiale de l&#8217;éducation: analyse de systèmes]]></source>
<year>1968</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[PUF]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crozier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Le phénomène bureaucratique]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Seuil]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dubet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Le déclin de l&#8217;institution]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Seuil]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dubet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martuccelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sociologie de l&#8217;expérience ecolaire]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[À l&#8217;école]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Seuil]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ellul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Déviances et déviants dans notre société intolérante]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Toulouse ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Érès]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Problemas no estudo etnográfico de objectos fluídos: os casos do sentimento de insegurança e da exclusão social]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educação, Sociedade e Culturas]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<numero>14</numero>
<issue>14</issue>
<page-range>59-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A exclusão social como revelador das relações entre violência estrutural e violência quotidiana]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Quaderns de l&#8217;Institut Català d&#8217;Antropologia]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>175-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fischer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mandell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Educational policy as technocratic strategy: the politics of excellence]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farnen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sünker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The politics, sociology and economics of education]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<page-range>169-82</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Palgrave Macmillan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Foulger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[External conversations: an unexpected discovery about the critical friend in action research inquiries]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Action Research]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>135-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galtung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cultural violence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Peace Research]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>291-305</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galtung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Violence, peace and peace research]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Peace Research]]></source>
<year>1969</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>167-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaulejac]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trajectoire cociale et conflits d&#8217;identités]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[La névrose de classe]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Hommes et Groupes Editeurs]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gillies]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Excellence and education: rhetoric and reality]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Education, Knowledge and Economy]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>19-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guilbaud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[L&#8217;illusion méritocratique]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Odile Jacob]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[What is school violence: an integrated definition]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<numero>567</numero>
<issue>567</issue>
<page-range>16-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lloyd]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Excellence for all children false promises! The failure of current policy for inclusive education and implications for schooling in the 21st century]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Inclusive Education]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>133-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Michaud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La violence]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Presses Universitaires]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mijs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J. B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Merit and ressentiment: how to tackle the tyranny of merit]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Theory and Research in Education]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>173-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nicolas-Le Strat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Une Nouvelle base de l&#8217;Intervention Social]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[L&#8217;Implication]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[L&#8217;Harmattan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parekh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The tyranny of &#8220;ability&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curriculum Inquiry]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>337-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Portugal</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Estratégia Nacional de Educação para Cidadania]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministério a Educação]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>Portugal</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Despacho n.º 7798/2023, de 28 de julho de 2023]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diário da República]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<numero>146/2023</numero>
<issue>146/2023</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Price]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Outcome-based tyranny: teaching compliance while testing like a state]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anthropological Quarterly]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>715-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Rede de Escolas de Educação Intercultural</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Termos de referência]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[REEI]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sandel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The tyranny of merit: what&#8217;s become of the common good?]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Farrar, Straus and Giroux]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schuck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Self-study, critical friendship, and the complexities of teacher education]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Studying Teacher Education]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>107-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seabra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cândido]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tavares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Atlas dos alunos com origem imigrante: quem são e onde estão nos ensinos básico e secundário em Portugal]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Observatório das Desigualdades]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tesar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Myers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Edu-capitalism and the governing of early childhood education and care in Australia, New Zealand and the United States]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Global Studies of Childhood]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>123-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stiegler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sur un nouvel imperatif politique]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Il faut s&#8217;adapter]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Gallimard]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Quartiers Populaires: L&#8217;école et les familles]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lyon ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Presses Universitaires]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Young]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Knowledge and Control: new directions for the Sociology of Education]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[British Journal of Educational Studies]]></source>
<year>1972</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>247</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
