<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1809-4309</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Práxis Educativa]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Práxis Educativa]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1809-4309</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação - Ponta Grossa  ]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1809-43092019000200469</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5212/praxeduc.v.14n2.004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Desigualdades encadeadas no sistema educacional brasileiro: estratificações entre os níveis médio e superior da educação]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Inequalities linked in the Brazilian educational system: stratifications between the upper secondary and higher levels of education]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Desigualdades encadenadas en el sistema educativo brasileño: estratificaciones entre los niveles medio y superior de la educación]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caregnato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Célia Elizabete]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miorando]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bernardo Sfredo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raizer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pfitscher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo Gausmann]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,UFRGS PPGEDU ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,UFRGS Faculdade de Educação ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,UFRGS PPGEDU ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>469</fpage>
<lpage>486</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1809-43092019000200469&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1809-43092019000200469&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1809-43092019000200469&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: Este artigo discute a estratificação educacional de nível médio e superior. O estudo das estratificações educacionais permite visualizar segmentações sociais e educacionais no interior do sistema. A expansão educacional ocorrida no país em período recente chama atenção pela persistência de limites vinculados a profundas desigualdades sociais. O estudo apresenta dados estatísticos secundários sobre educação média e superior e discute categorias que expressam a estratificação horizontal no interior de cada nível. Os resultados mostram que há variação da estratificação educacional nos dois níveis e que o financiamento público ou privado, o tipo institucional e os tipos de cursos permitem verificar traços da realidade educacional brasileira que tendem a reproduzir as desigualdades históricas encadeadas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: This paper discusses educational stratification in upper secondary education and in higher education. The study of educational stratifications allows to visualize social and educational segmentation within the system. The educational expansion that took place in Brazil in the recent period draws attention to the persistence of limits linked to deep social inequalities. The study presents secondary statistic data on upper secondary and higher education and discusses categories that express horizontal stratification inside each educational level. Results show that there is a variation of educational stratification in both levels and that public or private financing, institutional type and program type allow the verification of traits of Brazilian educational reality that tend to reproduce historical concatenated inequalities.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Este artículo discute la estratificación educativa de nivel medio y superior. El estudio de las estratificaciones educativas permite visualizar segmentaciones sociales y educativas en el interior del sistema. La expansión educativa ocurrida en el país, en un período reciente, llama la atención por la persistencia de límites vinculados a profundas desigualdades sociales. El estudio presenta datos estadísticos secundarios sobre educación media y superior y discute categorías que expresan la estratificación horizontal en el interior de cada nivel. Los resultados muestran que hay variación de la estratificación educativa en los dos niveles y que la financiación pública o privada, el tipo institucional y los tipos de cursos permiten verificar rasgos de la realidad educativa brasileña que tienden a reproducir las desigualdades históricas encadenadas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Ensino Médio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Educação Superior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Estratificação educacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Upper Secondary Education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Higher Education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Educational stratification]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enseñanza Media]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Educación Superior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estratificación educativa]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ABRANTES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[As transições entre ciclos de ensino: entre problema social e objecto sociológico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Interacções]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>25-53</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALVES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CAVENAGHI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[O Programa Bolsa Família, fecundidade e a saída da pobreza]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ARILHA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Diálogos transversais em gênero e fecundidade. Articulações contemporâneas]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<page-range>27-48</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Campinas ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Librum; Associação Brasileira de Estudos Populacionais]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BALLANTINE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HAMMACK]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The sociology of education: a systematic analysis]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxon ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BOLTANSKI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CHIAPELLO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[È.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O novo espírito do capitalismo]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Martins Fontes ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[São Paulo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BOURDIEU]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Classificação, desclassificação, reclassificação]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NOGUEIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CATANI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Escritos de educação]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<page-range>145-83</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Petrópolis ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Vozes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BOURDIEU]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[todistinção: crítica social do julgamento]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto Alegre ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Zouk]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Emenda Constitucional Nº 59, de 11 de novembro de 2009. Acrescenta § 3º ao art. 76 do Ato das Disposições Constitucionais Transitórias para reduzir, anualmente, a partir do exercício de 2009, o percentual da Desvinculação das Receitas da União incidente sobre os recursos destinados à manutenção e desenvolvimento do ensino de que trata o art. 212 da Constituição Federal, dá nova redação aos incisos I e VII do art. 208, de forma a prever a obrigatoriedade do ensino de quatro a dezessete anos e ampliar a abrangência dos programas suplementares para todas as etapas da educação básica, e dá nova redação ao § 4º do art. 211 e ao § 3º do art. 212 e ao caput do art. 214, com a inserção neste dispositivo de inciso VI]]></source>
<year></year>
<numero>216</numero>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Congresso Nacional]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>12 nov. 2009</conf-date>
<conf-loc>Brasília, DF </conf-loc>
<issue>216</issue>
<page-range>8</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Diário Oficial da União]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lei Nº 9.394, de 20 de dezembro de 1996. Estabelece as diretrizes e bases da educação nacional]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<numero>248</numero>
<issue>248</issue>
<page-range>27833-41</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília, DF ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Diário Oficial da União]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lei Nº 9.786, de 8 de fevereiro de 1999. Dispõe sobre o Ensino no Exército Brasileiro e dá outras providências]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<numero>27</numero>
<issue>27</issue>
<page-range>1-2</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília, DF ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Diário Oficial da União]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lei Nº 11.096, de 13 de janeiro de 2005. Institui o Programa Universidade para Todos - PROUNI, regula a atuação de entidades beneficentes de assistência social no ensino superior; altera a Lei nº10.891, de 9 de julho de 2004, e dá outras providências]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>7-8</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília, DF ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Diário Oficial da União]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lei Nº 11.892, de 29 de dezembro de 2008. Institui a Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica, cria os Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia, e dá outras providências]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<numero>253</numero>
<issue>253</issue>
<page-range>1</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília, DF ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Diário Oficial da União]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lei N° 12.711, de 29 agosto de 2012. Dispõe sobre o ingresso nas universidades federais e nas instituições federais de ensino técnico de nível médio e dá outras providências]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<numero>169</numero>
<issue>169</issue>
<page-range>1-2</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília, DF ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Diário Oficial da União]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lei Nº 13.415, de 16 de fevereiro de 2017. Altera as Leis Nos9.394, de 20 de dezembro de 1996, que estabelece as diretrizes e bases da educação nacional, e 11.494, de 20 de junho 2007, que regulamenta o Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica e de Valorização dos Profissionais da Educação, a Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho - CLT, aprovada pelo Decreto-Lei no 5.452, de 1o de maio de 1943, e o Decreto-Lei no 236, de 28 de fevereiro de 1967; revoga a Lei no 11.161, de 5 de agosto de 2005; e institui a Política de Fomento à Implementação de Escolas de Ensino Médio em Tempo Integral]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>35</numero>
<issue>35</issue>
<page-range>1-3</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília, DF ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Diário Oficial da União]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Plano Nacional de Educação x Programa Bolsa Família e MDS]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[MDS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CAPRARA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A influência do capital cultural no desempenho estudantil: reflexões a partir do Saeb 2003]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto Alegre ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CAREGNATO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[New audiences and new educational stratifications in Brazilian Higher Education in the 21st Century]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[AISHE-J: The All Ireland Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>3501-35013</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CAREGNATO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OLIVEN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Educação superior e políticas de ação afirmativa no Rio Grande do Sul: desigualdades e equidade]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educar em Revista]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>64</numero>
<issue>64</issue>
<page-range>171-87</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Curitiba ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CASTRO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A. de.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evolução e desigualdade na educação brasileira]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educação &amp; Sociedade]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>108</numero>
<issue>108</issue>
<page-range>673-97</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Campinas ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CHARLES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BRADLEY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Equal but Separate? A Cross-National Study of Sex Segregation in Higher Education]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Sociological Review]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>573-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[COSTA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prestígio e hierarquia escolar: estudo de caso sobre diferenças entre escolas em uma rede municipal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Brasileira de Educação]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>39</numero>
<issue>39</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CURY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. R. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sistema nacional de educação: desafio para uma educação igualitária e federativa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educação &amp; Sociedade]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>105</numero>
<issue>105</issue>
<page-range>1187-209</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Campinas ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DUBET]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Desigualdades multiplicadas]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ijuí ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNIJUÍ]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DUBET]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ione Ribeiro]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O que é uma escola justa? A escola das oportunidades]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cortez]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DUBET]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Qual democratização do ensino superior?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cadernos CRH]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>74</numero>
<issue>74</issue>
<page-range>255-66</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Salvador ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DUBET]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DURU-BELLAT]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VÉRÉTOUT]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[As desigualdades escolares antes e depois da escola: organização escolar e influência dos diplomas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sociologias]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<numero>29</numero>
<issue>29</issue>
<page-range>22-70</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto Alegre ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>IBGE</collab>
<collab>atísticao Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios 2014]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IBGE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>INEP. Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Sinopse estatística da educação superior 2001]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inep]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>INEP. Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Ideb: resultados e metas]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inep]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>INEP. Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Sinopse estatística da educação básica 2016]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<month>a</month>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inep]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>INEP. Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Sinopse estatística da educação superior 2016]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<month>b</month>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inep]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>INEP. Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Relatórios. Relatórios Síntese do Exame Nacional de Desempenho do Estudante - 2016]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Inep]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[KRAWCZYK]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reflexão sobre alguns desafios do ensino médio no Brasil hoje]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cadernos de Pesquisa]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>144</numero>
<issue>144</issue>
<page-range>752-69</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[KRAWCZYK]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SILVA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. J. de O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Desigualdades educacionais no ensino médio brasileiro: uma análise do perfil socioeconómico de jovens que realizaram o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sensos-e]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>12-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LAHIRE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sucesso escolar nos meios populares: as razões do improvável]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ática]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LOPES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Affirmative action in Brazil: how students&#8217; field of study choice reproduces social inequalities]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Studies in Higher Education]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>2343-59</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MAFRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. de A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sociologia dos estabelecimentos escolares: passado e presente de um campo de pesquisa em re-construção]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ZAGO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CARVALHO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. P. de]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VILELA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A. T. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Itinerários de pesquisa: perspectivas qualitativas em Sociologia da Educação]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<page-range>109-36</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[DP&amp;A Editores]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MENEZES FILHO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[KIRSCHBAUM]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Educação e desigualdade no Brasil]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ARRETCHE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Trajetórias das desigualdades: como o Brasil mudou nos últimos cinquenta anos]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<page-range>109-32</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNESP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NOGUEIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A categoria &#8220;família&#8221; na pesquisa em Sociologia da Educação: notas preliminares sobre um processo de desenvolvimento. UFMG]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Inter-legere]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>156-66</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Natal ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>OBSERVATÓRIO DO PNE</collab>
<source><![CDATA[O PNE]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>OCDE. Organização para Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Brasil - Resumo de resultados nacionais do PISA 2015]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OCDE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PIKETTY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O capital no século XXI]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Intrínseca]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RIBEIRO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. A. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Occupational and income intergenerational mobility in Brazil between the 1990s and 2000s]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sociologia e Antropologia]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>157-85</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SILVA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. do V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Expansão escolar e estratificação educacional no Brasil]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HASENBALG]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SILVA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. do V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Origens e destinos: desigualdades sociais ao longo da vida]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<page-range>105-46</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IUPERJ/UCAM; Topbooks]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SIMÕES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[As metas de universalização da educação básica no Plano Nacional de Educação: o desafio do acesso e a evasão dos jovens de famílias de baixa renda no Brasil]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SOUZA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A construção social da subcidadania: para uma sociologia política da modernidade periférica]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Belo Horizonte ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UFMG]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TROW]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reflections on the transition from elite to mass to universal access: forms and phases of higher education in modern societies since WWII]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FOREST]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALTBACH]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[International handbook of higher education. Part one: global themes and contemporary challenges]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<page-range>243-80</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Dordrecht ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
