<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1809-4309</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Práxis Educativa]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Práxis Educativa]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1809-4309</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação - Ponta Grossa  ]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1809-43092025000100703</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5212/praxeduc.v.20.25481.061</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Democracia, epistocracia e o papel da inteligência artificial na melhoria das decisões democráticas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Democracy, epistocracy, and the role of artificial intelligence in improving democratic decisions]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Democracia, epistocracia y el papel de la inteligencia artificial en la mejora de las decisiones democráticas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gouveia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Steven S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brandolt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Thailize]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade do Porto Instituto de Filosofia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Caxias do Sul  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>20</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1809-43092025000100703&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1809-43092025000100703&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1809-43092025000100703&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Este artigo examina criticamente os desafios epistêmicos das democracias contemporâneas e propõe o uso ético da inteligência artificial (IA) como meio de fortalecer práticas democráticas informadas, alinhando-as a certos ideais da epistocracia. Partindo da crítica clássica de Platão à democracia e da defesa contemporânea da epistocracia por autores como Jason Brennan, discutem-se as limitações cognitivas que afetam a qualidade das decisões políticas, incluindo ignorância racional, polarização, vieses cognitivos e desinformação, e como elas prejudicam tanto a legitimidade quanto a eficácia dos governos eleitos. Em vez de adotar uma epistocracia elitista e excludente, defende-se aqui uma democracia mais informada, capaz de conjugar o ideal democrático de igualdade com o acesso ampliado e assistido ao conhecimento relevante para a deliberação política. A IA é apresentada como possível aliada nesse esforço, funcionando como infraestrutura de capacitação. O artigo também analisa criticamente os riscos da IA, incluindo viés algorítmico, manipulação informacional e reprodução de desigualdades, defendendo uma abordagem atenta às consequências normativas desse tipo de tecnologia. Por fim, sustenta-se que uma democracia mais justa e informada só será possível se tecnologias como a IA forem concebidas como ferramentas de justiça epistêmica, orientadas não à substituição, mas ao fortalecimento do julgamento político autônomo dos cidadãos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This article critically examines the epistemic challenges of contemporary democracies and proposes the ethical use of artificial intelligence (AI) as a means to strengthen informed democratic practices, aligning them with certain ideals of epistocracy. Drawing on Plato&#8217;s classical critique of democracy and the contemporary defense of epistocracy by authors such as Jason Brennan, the article discusses the cognitive limitations that affect the quality of political decisions-including rational ignorance, polarization, cognitive biases, and disinformation-and how these undermine both the legitimacy and the effectiveness of elected governments. Instead of adopting an elitist and exclusionary epistocracy, the article advocates for a more informed democracy, one that combines the democratic ideal of equality with expanded and assisted access to relevant knowledge for political deliberation. AI is presented as a potential ally in this effort, functioning as an enabling infrastructure. The article also critically analyzes the risks of AI, including algorithmic bias, informational manipulation, and the reproduction of inequalities, advocating for an approach attentive to the normative consequences of this technology. Finally, it argues that a more just and informed democracy will only be possible if technologies such as AI are conceived as tools of epistemic justice, oriented not toward replacing but rather strengthening citizens&#8217; autonomous political judgment.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este artículo examina críticamente los desafíos epistémicos de las democracias contemporáneas y propone el uso ético de la inteligencia artificial (IA) como medio para fortalecer las prácticas democráticas informadas, alineándolas con ciertos ideales de la epistocracia. A partir de la crítica clásica de Platón a la democracia y de la defensa contemporánea de la epistocracia por autores como Jason Brennan, se analizan las limitaciones cognitivas que afectan la calidad de las decisiones políticas, incluida la ignorancia racional, la polarización, los sesgos cognitivos y la desinformación, y cómo estas debilitan tanto la legitimidad como la eficacia de los gobiernos electos. En lugar de adoptar una epistocracia elitista y excluyente, aquí se defiende una democracia más informada, capaz de conjugar el ideal democrático de igualdad con un acceso ampliado y asistido al conocimiento relevante para la deliberación política. La IA se presenta como una posible aliada en este esfuerzo, funcionando como infraestructura de capacitación. El artículo también analiza críticamente los riesgos de la IA, entre ellos el sesgo algorítmico, la manipulación informativa y la reproducción de desigualdades, defendiendo un enfoque atento a las consecuencias normativas de este tipo de tecnología. Finalmente, se sostiene que una democracia más justa e informada solo será posible si tecnologías como la IA se conciben como herramientas de justicia epistémica, orientadas no a sustituir, sino a fortalecer el juicio político autónomo de los ciudadanos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Democracia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Epistocracia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Inteligência artificial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Democracy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Epistocracy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Artificial intelligence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Democracia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Epistocracia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Inteligencia artificial]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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