<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1981-1969</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Jornal de Políticas Educacionais]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[J. Pol. Educ-s]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1981-1969</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Núcleo de Políticas Educacionais da Universidade Federal do Paraná]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1981-19692020000100205</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5380/jpe.v14i0.70063</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Financiamento público para o ensino superior privado-mercantil e a financeirização]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Public financing for private mercantile higher education and financialization]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Financiamiento público para la enseñanza superior privada-mercantil y la financiarización]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vera Lúcia Jacob]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria Rosimary Soares dos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fabíola Bouth Grello]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal do Pará  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Belém Pa]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Belo Horizonte MG]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal do Pará  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Belém Pa]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>14</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1981-19692020000100205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1981-19692020000100205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1981-19692020000100205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Na atual etapa do capital rentista, a financeirização tem repercussão direta na educação superior e, em vários países, sendo esse processo estimulado por meio de políticas estatais que favorecem o setor privado, como o financiamento estudantil. Poucas pesquisas têm se dedicado à análise da atuação dos grupos financeiros na educação superior, bem como às alterações do seu modus operandi e rentabilidade. Nesse artigo, são examinados os investimentos federais com Programa Universidade para Todos (Prouni) e o Programa de Financiamento Estudantil (Fies) a fim de investigar em que medida contribuem para a expansão do ensino superior privado e para o aumento do patrimônio líquido dos quatro grupos empresariais de capital aberto que atuam na educação superior - Estácio Participações; Kroton, Ânima e Ser Educacional. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental com dados coletados nos bancos disponibilizados on line no site do Senado Federal, nos Relatórios do Tribunal de Contas da União - TCU e nos Censos da Educação Superior do Instituto de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira - Inep. Os resultados evidenciam que o processo de financeirização do ensino superior privado no Brasil tem se expandido com o incentivo do governo federal por meio desses dois programas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract In the current stage of rentier capital, financialization has direct repercussion in higher education and, in many countries, this process is stimulated by state politics that favor the private sector, like student financialization. Few researches have been dedicated to analysis of financial groups actuation in higher education, as well as alterations in its modus operandi and rentability. In this article, Prouni federal investments and Fies are examined in order to investigate in what manners they contribute to private higher learning expansion and the rise of net worth from the four open capital business groups that act in higher learning. - Estácio Participações; Kroton, Ânima and Ser Educacional. It&#8217;s about a documental research with data collected from online databases from the federal senate, in TCU reports and INEP&#8217;s higher education census. The results show that the financialization process of private higher learning in Brazil have expanded with federal government incentives via those programs.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En la actual etapa del capital rentista, la financiarización tiene repercusión directa en la educación superior y, en varios países ese proceso es estimulado por medio de políticas estatales que favorecen el sector privado, como el financiamiento estudiantil. Pocas investigaciones se han dedicado al análisis de la actuación de los grupos financieros en la educación superior, al igual que su modus operandi y rentabilidad. En este artículo, son examinadas las inversiones federales com el Programa Universidad para Todos - Prouni y el Programa de Financiación Estudiantil - Fies a fin de investigar en qué medida contribuyen para la expansión de la educación superior privada y para el aumento del patrimonio líquido de los cuatro grupos empresariales de capital abierto que actúan en la educación superior &#8211; Estaço Participações, Kroton, Ânima y Ser Educacional. Se trata de una investigación documental con datos colectados en los bancos disponibles on line en la página web del Senado Federal, en los informes del Tribunal de Cuentas de la Unión - TCU, en los censos de la Educación Superior del Instituto de Estudios y Pesquisas Educacionales Anísio Teixeira Inep. Los resultados evidencian que el proceso de financiearización de la enseñanza superior privada en el Brasil se ha expandido con el incentivo del gobierno federal por medio de esos dos programas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Financerização]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Mundialização do capital]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Educação Superior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Mercantilização]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Financialization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Capital globalization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Higher learning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mercatilization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Financiarización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mundialización del capital]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Educación Superior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mercantilización]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BASTOS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. P. Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Financeirização, crise, educação: considerações preliminares. Texto para Discussão]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<numero>217</numero>
<issue>217</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Campinas ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IE/UNICAMP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Emenda Constitucional n. 95]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília (DF) ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<collab>MF</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Relatório Resumido da Execução Orçamentária &#8211; 2011-2018]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<collab>MF</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Tribunal de Contas da União]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<page-range>99</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[TCU]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<collab>MF</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lei nº 12.202, de 14 de janeiro de 2010]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília (DF) ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<collab>MF</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lei nº 11.096, de 13 de janeiro de 2005]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília, DF ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Diário Oficial da União]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<collab>MF</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lei nº 9.394/96, de 20 de dezembro 1996]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília, DF. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Diário Oficial da União]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<collab>MF</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ministério da Administração Federal e Reforma do Estado]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plano Diretor da Reforma do Aparelho do Estado]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília, DF ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>BRASIL</collab>
<collab>MF</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Tribunal de Contas da União. Relatório de Levantamento (Fiscalização nº 696/2013)]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CARVALHO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. H. A. de]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A mercantilização da educação superior brasileira e as estratégias de mercado das instituições lucrativas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Brasileira de Educação]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<page-range>761-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CALEFFI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MATHIAS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. J. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Universidade S.A: as companhias de capital aberto da educação superior do Brasil]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CHAVES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. L. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Expansão da Privatização/mercantilização do ensino superior brasileiro: a formação de oligopólios]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educação e Sociedade]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>481-500</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CHESNAIS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A mundialização do capital]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora Xamã]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GILIOLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. de S. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Um balanço do Fies: desafios, perspectivas e metas do PNE]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GOMES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Valeska Amaral]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Plano Nacional de Educação: olhares sobre o andamento das metas]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Câmara dos Deputados, Edições Câmara]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LAVINAS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ARAÚJO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BRUNO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Brasil: vanguarda da financeirização entre os emergentes? Uma análise exploratória]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LEHER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Universidade e heteronomia cultural no capitalismo dependente]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Consequência Editora]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OLIVEIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A financeirização da economia e suas consequências para a educação superior no Brasil]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MARINGONI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O negócio da educação: as aventuras das universidades privadas na terra do capitalismo sem risco]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<page-range>27-36</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Olho D&#8217;água]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PAULANI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Brasil Delivery]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Boitempo Editorial]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PAULANI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Capitalismo financeiro, estado de emergência econômico e hegemonia às avessas]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OLIVEIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BRAGA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RIZEK]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Hegemonia às avessas]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<page-range>109-34</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Boitempo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PORTO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. G. de S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[As perspectivas de abertura de Capital no ensino superior Brasileiro]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RUAS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. M. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OLIVEIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. T. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Modelo de Gestão da Educação Superior Privada brasileira]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Internacional de Educação Superior]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>461-79</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Campinas, SP ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SANTOS FILHO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Financiamento da educação superior privado-mercantil: incentivos públicos e financeirização de grupos educacionais]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Belém ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidade Federal do Pará]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SERFATI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[O Domínio do capital financeiro: que consequências?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CHESNAIS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PHILON]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[As armadilhas da finança mundial: diagnósticos e soluções]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<page-range>7-13</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Portugal ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[campo da comunicação]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SGUISSARDI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Modelo de expansão da educação superior no Brasil: predomínio privado-mercantil e desafios para a regulação e a formação universitária]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educação &amp; Sociedade]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>105</numero>
<issue>105</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Campinas, SP ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[STEFFEN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ZANINI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Abertura de capital no Brasil: percepções de executivos financeiros]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VALE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. de A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CARVALHO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. H. de A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CHAVES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. L. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Expansão privado-mercantil e a financeirização da educação superior brasileira]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CABRITO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Belmiro]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Os desafios da expansão da educação em países de língua portuguesa: financiamento e internacionalização]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<page-range>199-220</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[EDUCA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>WORD BANK</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Education Sector Strategy]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[World Bank]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
