<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1983-2117</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ensaio Pesquisa em Educação em Ciências]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ens. Pesqui. Educ. Ciênc.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1983-2117</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1983-21172010000200205</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/1983-21172010120213</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[FORMA&#199;AO DE PROFESSORES E SEUS SABERES DISCIPLINARES EM ASTRONOMIA ESSENCIAL NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[TEACHER'S EDUCATION AND THEIR DISCIPLINARY KNOWLEDGE OF ESSENTIAL ASTRONOMY FOR THE FIRST YEARS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Langhi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rodolfo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul Departamento de Física ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Campo Grande MS]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciência ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bauru SP]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>205</fpage>
<lpage>224</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1983-21172010000200205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1983-21172010000200205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1983-21172010000200205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Este artigo apresenta parte dos resultados de uma pesquisa mais ampla acerca da Educa&#231;&#227;o em Astronomia na forma&#231;&#227;o de professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. A partir da an&#225;lise dos principais t&#243;picos em Astronomia trabalhados nacionalmente e dos resultados de pesquisas da &#225;rea, identificamos um conjunto de conte&#250;dos fundamentais em Astronomia para o trabalho docente. Por meio da investiga&#231;&#227;o por amostragem de professores, por&#233;m, demonstramos que, mesmo nestes conte&#250;dos essenciais, h&#225; a persist&#234;ncia de concep&#231;&#245;es alternativas por parte dos docentes. Os resultados apontam, assim, para a necessidade de uma melhoria na qualifica&#231;&#227;o docente em rela&#231;&#227;o aos seus saberes disci plinares, embasada em resultados de pesquisas sobre Educa&#231;&#227;o em Astronomia, a favor de um ensino que contemple, no m&#237;nimo, os conte&#250; dos fundamentais sobre este tema.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[This paper presents some outcomes of a broader research on Astronomy Education in primary school teacher's education. From the analysis of the main astronomy subjects thought nationwide and the research outcomes, we identified a set of astronomy contents considered fundamental to the teachers practice. Through a research carried out among a sample of primary school teachers, however, we show that, even in these essential contents, persists alternative conceptions among those teachers. Data collected pointed out, thus, to the necessity of improving teacher's education in this area, taking into consideration astronomy edu cation research outcomes, in favor of a teaching which contemplates, at least, the fundamental contents on this subject.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Educação em astronomia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[formação de professores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[conteúdos disciplinares essenciais.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Astronomy education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[teacher's education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fundamental contents.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALVES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. T S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ZANETIC]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O ensino não formal da Astronomia: um estudo preliminar de suas ações e implicações]]></source>
<year></year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Encontro de Pesquisa em Ensino de Física, 11]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Curitiba </conf-loc>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Curitiba ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BARRABÍN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[¿Por qué hay veranos e inviernos? Representaciones de estudiantes (12-18) y de futuros maestros sobre algunos aspectos del modelo Sol-Tierra]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Enseñanza de las Ciencias]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>227-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BARROS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[La Astronomia en textos escolares de educación primaria]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Enseñanza de las Ciencias]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>225-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BAXTER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Children's understanding of familiar astronomical events]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Science Education]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>special</numero>
<issue>special</issue>
<page-range>502-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BISCH]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Astronomia no ensino fundamental: natureza e conteúdo do conhecimento de estudantes e profes sores]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IF, USP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BOCZKO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Conceitos de Astronomia]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Blucher]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BORGES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O professor da educação básica e seus saberes profissionais]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Araraquara ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[JM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BRASIL. Secretaria de Educação Média e Tecnologia</collab>
<collab>BRASIL. Secretaria de Educação Média e Tecnologia</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais: ciências natu rais]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[MEC/SEMTEC]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BRASIL, Ministério de Educação e do Desporto. Secretaria de Educação Fundamental</collab>
<collab>BRASIL, Ministério de Educação e do Desporto. Secretaria de Educação Fundamental</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Educação de Jovens e Adultos: Proposta curricular para o primeiro segmento do ensino fundamental]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[MEC]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BRASIL. Secretaria de Educação Média e Tecnologia</collab>
<collab>BRASIL. Secretaria de Educação Média e Tecnologia</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais: terceiro e quar to ciclos do ensino fundamental - ciências naturais]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[MEC/SEMTEC]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BRASIL. Secretaria de Educação Média e Tecnologia</collab>
<collab>BRASIL. Secretaria de Educação Média e Tecnologia</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais: Ciênáas da natureza, matemática e suas tecnologias]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[MEC/SEMTEC]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>BRASIL. Secretaria de Educação Básica</collab>
<collab>BRASIL. Secretaria de Educação Básica</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Orientações curriculares para o ensino médio: ciências da nature za, matemática e suas tecnologias]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>2</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministério da Educação]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BRETONES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Disciplinas introdutórias e Astronomia nos cursos superiores do Brasil]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Campinas ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Geociências, UNICAMP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BRETONES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[COMPIANI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Disciplinas introdutórias de Astronomia nos cursos supe riores do Brasil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Boletim da Sociedade Astronômica Brasileira]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>61-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BRISSENDEN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BRUNING]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SLATER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[SABER: A Searchable Annotated Bibliography of Education Research in Astronomy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>660-60</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[EUA ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CACHAPUZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A necessária renovação do ensino das ciências]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cortez]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CAMINO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ideas previas y cambio conceptual en Astronomia. Un estudio con maestros de pri maria sobre el dia y la noche, las estaciones y las fases de la luna]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Enseñanza de las Ciencias]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>81-96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CANALLE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. B. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[O problema do ensino da órbita da Terra]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Física na Escola]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>12-6</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CANIATO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O céu]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ática]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[COSTA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GOMÉZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[La Astronomia en la ensenanza obligatoria]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Enseñanza de las Ciencias]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>201-05</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DRIVER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Student's conceptions and the learning of science]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Science Education]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>481-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GARCIA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Formação de professores: para uma mudança educativa]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Portugal ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Porto Editora]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GAUTHIER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Por uma teoria da pedagogia: pesquisas contemporâneas sobre o saber docente]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ijuí, BRA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora UNIJUÍ]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GIL]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Técnicas de pesquisa em economia]]></source>
<year></year>
<edition>2° ed</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Atlas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GIL]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Como elaborar projetos de pesquisa]]></source>
<year></year>
<edition>3a ed</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Atlas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[IACHEL]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Um estudo exploratório sobre o ensino de Astronomia na formação continuada de professores]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bauru ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Faculdade de Ciências, UNESP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LANGHI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Um estudo exploratório para a inserção da Astronomia na formação de professores dos anos ini ciais do Ensino Fundamental]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bauru ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Faculdade de Ciências, UNESP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LANGHI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ideias de senso comum em Astronomia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Observatórios Virtuais]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>CDROM</volume>
<page-range>1-9</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IAG/USP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LANGHI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Astronomia nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: repensando a formação de professores]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bauru ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Faculdade de Ciências, UNESP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LANGHI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NARDI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ensino de Astronomia: erros conceituais mais comuns presentes em livros didáticos de ciências]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Caderno Brasileiro de Ensino de Física]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>87-111</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LANGHI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NARDI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Educação em Astronomia nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental: identificando algumas trajetórias formativas de professores]]></source>
<year></year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE DIDÁTICA E PRÁTICA DE ENSINO, 14]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2008</conf-date>
<conf-loc>Porto Alegre </conf-loc>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto Alegre ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LANGHI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NARDI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[À procura de um programa de educação continuada em Astronomia adequado para professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental]]></source>
<year></year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ ENCONTRO DE PES QUISA EM ENSINO DE FÍSICA, 11]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>2008</conf-date>
<conf-loc>Curitiba </conf-loc>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Curitiba ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LANGHI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NARDI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ensino da astronomia no Brasil: educação formal, informal, não-for mal e divulgação científica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>4402-1 a 4402-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LATTARI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.J.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TREVISAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Implantação de Astronomia em currículo básico do curso de ciências]]></source>
<year></year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ SIMPÓSIO NACIONAL DE ENSINO DE FÍSICA, 11]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>1995</conf-date>
<conf-loc>Niterói </conf-loc>
<page-range>166-69</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MACIEL]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Astronomia e astrofísica]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IAG/USP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MALUF]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Terra no espaço: a desconstrução do objeto real na construção do objeto científico]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cuiabá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UFMT]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MARRONE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Um perfil da pesquisa em ensino da Astronomia no Brasil a partir da análise de periódicos de ensino de ciências]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Londrina ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidade Estadual de Londrina]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MIZUKAMI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. G. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Formação de professores: tendências atuais]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Carlos ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[EdUFSCar]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MIZUKAMI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. G. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Escola e aprendizagem da docência: processos de investigação e formação]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Carlos ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[EdUFSCar]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MOURÃO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. R. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Atlas celeste]]></source>
<year></year>
<edition>8a ed</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Petrópolis ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Vozes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NARDI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CARVALHO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.M.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Um estudo sobre a evolução das noções de estudantes sobre o espaço, forma e força gravitacional do planeta Terra]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Investigações em Ensino de Ciências]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>20-39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NUSSBAUM]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Children's conceptions of the earth as a cosmic body: a cross age study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science Education]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>63</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>83-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NUSSBAUM]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NOVAK]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[An assessment of children's concepts of the Earth utilizing structured inter views]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science Education]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>60</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>685-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OSBORNE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[WITTROCK]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The generative learning model and its implications for science education]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Studies in Science Education]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>59-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OSTERMANN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MOREIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A física na formação de professores do ensino fundamental]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto Alegre ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ed. Universidade/UFRGS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PACHECO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Formação de professores: teoria e práxis]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Portugal ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Appacdm]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PENA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[QUILEZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The importance of images in astronomy education]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Science Education]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1125-135</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PIETROCOLA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Construção e realidade: o papel do conhecimento físico no entendimento do mundo]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PIETROCOLA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ensino de física: conteúdo, metodologia e epistemologia em uma con cepção integradora]]></source>
<year></year>
<edition>2a ed</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Florianópolis ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora da UFSC]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PIMENTA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Saberes pedagógicos e atividade docente]]></source>
<year></year>
<edition>2a ed</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo, BRA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cortez]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PORLÁN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RIVERO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El conocimiento de los profesores. Una propuesta formativa em el área de ciencias]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Espanha ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Diada Editora]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>SAB - SOCIEDADE ASTRONÔMICA BRASILEIRA</collab>
<collab>SAB - SOCIEDADE ASTRONÔMICA BRASILEIRA</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Olimpíada brasileira de Astronomia]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SAMPAIO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Um gosto amargo de escola. Relações entre currículo, ensino e fracasso escolar]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Educ/FAPESP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>SÃO PAULO. Secretaria de Estado da Educação</collab>
<collab>SÃO PAULO. Secretaria de Estado da Educação</collab>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Concurso público para provimento de cargos de professor educação básica II]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Boletim informativo]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>SBPC - SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA PARA O PROGRESSO DA CIÊNCIA</collab>
<collab>SBPC - SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA PARA O PROGRESSO DA CIÊNCIA</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Cosmologia ao alcance de todos]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SCALVI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. M. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Abordando o ensino de óptica através da construção de telescópios]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[SBF]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SEBASTIÁ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Investigación didáctica en astronomia: una selección bibliográfica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Enseñanza de las Ciencias]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>387-89</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SHULMAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Knowledge and teaching: foundations of the new reform]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Harvard Education Review]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[STAHLY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Third grade students' ideas about the lunar phases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Research in Science Teaching]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>159-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TARDIF]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Saberes docentes e formação profissional]]></source>
<year></year>
<edition>4a ed</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Petrópolis ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Vozes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TIGNANELLI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Sobre o ensino da Astronomia no ensino fundamental]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[WEISSMANN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Didática das ciências naturais: contribuições e reflexões]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto Alegre ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Artmed]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TRUMPER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A cross-age study of junior high school students' conceptions of basic astronomy concepts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Science Education]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1111-123</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VOSNIADOU]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BREWER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Mental models of the daylight cycle: a study of conceptual change in childhood]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cognitive Psychology]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>535-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ZEILIK]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Misconceptions and their change in university-level astronomy courses]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Physics Teacher]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>36</volume>
<page-range>104-04</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
