<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2178-5201</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Scientiarum. Education]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Educ.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2178-5201</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2178-52012025000100228</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4025/actascieduc.v47i1.72815</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Multi-group analysis of willingness to integrate AI Chatbots in teaching and learning of physics]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Análise multigrupo da disposição de integrar Chatbots de IA no ensino e aprendizagem de física]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Análisis multigrupo de la disposición a integrar Chatbots de IA en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la física]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yahaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Wasiu Olayinka]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akanbi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Abdulrasaq Oladimeji]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yusuf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Abdulkadir Aishat]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Ilorin Faculty of Education Department of Science Education]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ilorin Kwara State]]></addr-line>
<country>Nigeria</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>47</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2178-52012025000100228&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2178-52012025000100228&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2178-52012025000100228&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT. The integration of artificial intelligence chatbots/technologies into teaching-learning process improves students&#8217; learning outcome and reduces teachers&#8217; pedagogical stress in classroom. The present study focused on the In and Pre-service physics teachers&#8217; willingness to integrate AI Chatbots in teaching and learning of physics. 45 In-service and 55 Pre-service physics teachers were engaged in the study. Attitude towards AI and Technology Readiness Index&#8217; components were correlated with their willingness to integrate AI Chatbots in teaching. Three research instruments were adapted and used to elicit information from the respondents. Partial Least Square of Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) was employed and the data collected were analyzed using SmartPLS software version 4.0.9.2. The multi-group analysis of the In and Pre-service physics teachers were run separately and together to determine the difference in the willingness to integrate AI Chatbots in teaching-learning process. The findings of the study revealed that the affective, behavioural and cognitive components of the attitude towards AI significantly correlated with the respondents&#8217; willingness to integrate AI Chatbots in teaching-learning process. The study concluded that attitude towards AI influences their willingness to integrate AI Chatbots to teaching-learning process.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO. A integração de chatbots/tecnologias de inteligência artificial no processo de ensino-aprendizagem melhora o resultado de aprendizagem dos alunos e reduz o estresse pedagógico dos professores em sala de aula. O presente estudo centrou-se na vontade dos professores de física em exercício e em formação em integrar IA Chatbots no ensino e aprendizagem de física. 45 professores de física em serviço e 55 professores de física em formação foram envolvidos no estudo. Os componentes da atitude em relação à IA e ao Índice de Prontidão Tecnológica foram correlacionados com a sua vontade de integrar Chatbots de IA no ensino. Três instrumentos de pesquisa foram adaptados e utilizados para extrair informações dos entrevistados. Foi empregado o Modelo de Mínimos Quadrados Parciais de Equações Estruturais (PLS-SEM) e os dados coletados foram analisados no software SmartPLS versão 4.0.9.2. A análise multigrupo dos professores de física em formação e em formação inicial foi realizada separadamente e em conjunto para determinar a diferença na disposição de integrar AI Chatbots no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. As conclusões do estudo revelaram que os componentes afetivos, comportamentais e cognitivos da atitude em relação à IA correlacionaram-se significativamente com a vontade dos entrevistados em integrar os Chatbots de IA no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. O estudo concluiu que a atitude em relação à IA influencia a sua vontade de integrar AI Chatbots no processo de ensino-aprendizagem.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN. La integración de tecnologías y chatbots de inteligencia artificial en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje mejora el resultado del aprendizaje de los estudiantes y reduce el estrés pedagógico de los profesores en el aula. El presente estudio se centró en la voluntad de los profesores de física en formación y en formación de integrar chatbots de IA en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la física. En el estudio participaron 45 profesores de física en servicio y 55 en formación. La actitud hacia la IA y los componentes del Índice de preparación tecnológica se correlacionaron con su voluntad de integrar AI Chatbots en la enseñanza. Se adaptaron y utilizaron tres instrumentos de investigación para obtener información de los encuestados. Se empleó el modelo de mínimos cuadrados parciales de ecuaciones estructurales (PLS-SEM) y los datos recopilados se analizaron utilizando el software SmartPLS versión 4.0.9.2. El análisis multigrupo de los profesores de física en servicio y en formación se realizó por separado y en conjunto para determinar la diferencia en la voluntad de integrar AI Chatbots en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Los hallazgos del estudio revelaron que los componentes afectivo, conductual y cognitivo de la actitud hacia la IA se correlacionaban significativamente con la voluntad de los encuestados de integrar AI Chatbots en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. El estudio concluyó que la actitud hacia la IA influye en su voluntad de integrar los Chatbots de IA al proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Artificial intelligence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[attitude towards ai]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[technology readiness index]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ai chatbots]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[teaching-learning and physics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Inteligência Artificial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[atitude em relação à IA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[índice de prontidão tecnológica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[chatbots de IA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[ensino-aprendizagem e física]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Inteligencia Artificial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[actitud hacia la IA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[índice de preparación tecnológica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[chatbots de IA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enseñanza-aprendizaje y física]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adiguzel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cansu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Revolutionizing education with AI: exploring the transformative potential of ChatGPT.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comtemporary Educational Technology]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barkirtas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akkas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Technology readiness and technology acceptance of academic staffs.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Management Economics and Business]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1043-58</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blut]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Technology readiness: a meta-analysis of conceptualization of the construct and its impact on technology usage.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<page-range>649-69</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chatterjee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhattacharjee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Adoption of artificial intelligence in higher education: a quantitative analysis using structural equation modelling.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Education and Information Technologies]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>3443-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chiu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corbett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[In the hearts and minds of employees: a model of pre-adoptive appraisal toward artificial intelligence in organizations.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Information Management]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<page-range>102379</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Conner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilding]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harreveld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dalege]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cognitive-affective inconsistency and ambivalence impact on the overall attitude-behaviour relationship.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Personality &amp; Social Psychology Bulletin]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>673-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dimitriadis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evolution in education: Chatbots.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Homo Virtualis]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>47-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Onan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An examination of studies on the use of Chatbots technology in the field of education.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[5th International Conference on Applied Engineering and Natural Sciences]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<page-range>121-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernoaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stelea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gavrila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sandu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intelligent education assistant powered by chatbots]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceedings of 14th International Conference E-learning and Software for Education]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Bucharest]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chatbots as a learning resource? Creating conversational bots as a supplement for teaching assistant course]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceedings of International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Education (TALE)]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<page-range>1-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jarrar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Awobamise]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sellos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Technological readiness index (TRI) and the intention touse smartphone apps for tourism: a focus on inDubai mobile tourism app.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Data and Network Science]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>297-304</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Julian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dhini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of technology readiness towards acceptance on smartwatch use.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceedings of the 7th North American International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<page-range>1990-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. Y. Q.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. J. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A review of AI-driven conversational chatbots implementation methodologies and challenges (1999-2022).]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sustainability]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>4012</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Subbareddy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raghavendra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[AI intelligence chatbot to improve students learning in the higher education platform.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Interconnection Networks]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>1-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mageira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pittou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Papasalouros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kotis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zangogianni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daradoumis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Educational AI Chatbots for content and language integrated learning.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Applied Science]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>3239</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shrama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trivedi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mishra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Adoption of Chatbots for learning among university students: role of perceived convenience and enhanced performance.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>18</numero>
<issue>18</issue>
<page-range>200-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[P]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. G. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Srivastava]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chakraborty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghosh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raj]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Development of information technology telecom chatbot: an artificial intelligence and machine learning approach]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Engineering and Management]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<page-range>216-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parasuraman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Technology readiness index(Tri): a multiple-item scale to measure readiness to embrace new technologies.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Service Research]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>307-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parasuraman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An updated and streamlined technology readiness index: TRI 2.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[0. Journal of Service Research]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>59-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prananta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Susanto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Purwantoro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuadah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[ChatGPT artificial intelligence integration in science learning media: systematic literature review.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>315-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. N. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hidayah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Use of chatbots in e-learning context: a systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceedings of IEEE World AI loT Congress (AlloT)]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Seattle, WA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sandu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gide]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Adoption of AI-Chatbots to enhance student learning experience in higher education in India]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[18th International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET)]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Magdeburg, DE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schepman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodway]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Initial validation of the general attitudes towards artificial intelligence scale.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Computers in Human Behavior Reports]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>100014</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Development and validation of a scale measuring student attitudes toward artificial intelligence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[SAGE Journal]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Supriyadi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuncoro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exploring the future of mathematics teaching: insight with ChatGPT.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Union Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>305-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[West]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[AI and the FCI: Can ChatGPT project an understanding of introductory physics?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[ArXiv]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wolf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haddock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Attitudes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Psychology]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
