<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2238-8346</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Educação e Políticas em Debate]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Educ. Polít. Debate]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2238-8346</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - Faculdade de Educação - FACED]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2238-83462024000200206</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14393/repod-v13n2a2024-69203</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[O espaço importa? Como as desigualdades espaciais afetam alunos na Educação a Distância]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Does space matter? How spatial inequalities affect students in Distance Learning]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[¿Importa el espacio? Cómo afectan las desigualdades espaciales a los estudiantes de Educación a Distancia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cleyson Silva dos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberes Sousa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valias Neto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco Monticeli]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Domingos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Estadual de Campinas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[São Paulo SP]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Estadual de Campinas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Campinas SP]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Estadual de Campinas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Campinas SP]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A04">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto Departamento de Medicina Social]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ribeirão Preto SP]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2238-83462024000200206&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2238-83462024000200206&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://educa.fcc.org.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2238-83462024000200206&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Na literatura sobre desigualdade e educação se faz presente a influência do espaço na elaboração teórica a respeito dessa problemática. Um olhar espacial no processo de tomada de decisão pela gestão pública pode ensejar a adoção de mecanismos corretivos das desigualdades educacionais na perspectiva da equidade; ou seja, que minimizem as desigualdades sociais de origem. No entanto, esse tema não avançou com o passar do tempo, sem o incremento de novas dinâmicas educacionais bastante difundidas no país como a Educação a Distância (EaD). Deste modo, o objetivo deste artigo é elaborar uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa que balanceie os avanços mais recentes na temática de como as desigualdades espaciais afetam alunos EaD e suas principais dificuldades de pesquisa, baseando-se nos trabalhos mais recentes e dados secundários socioeconômicos e espaciais. As conclusões do trabalho apontam para o fato de que o EaD, por vezes, é apresentado como modelo capaz de democratizar o acesso ao Ensino Superior. Entretanto, o modelo não conseguiu fazer frente aos dilemas históricos da desigualdade no Ensino Superior, mas, pelo contrário, intensificou/requalificou esse fenômeno social.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract In the literature on inequality and education, the influence of space in the theoretical elaboration regarding this issue is present. A spatial look at the decision-making process by public management can lead to the adoption of corrective mechanisms for educational inequalities from the perspective of equity; that is, that minimize the social inequalities of origin. However, this theme has not advanced over time, without the increase of new educational dynamics that are widespread in the country, such as Distance Education (EaD). Thus, the objective of this paper is to elaborate a literature review that balances the most recent advances in the theme of how spatial inequalities affect EaD students and their main research difficulties, based on the most recent works and secondary data. socioeconomic and spatial. The conclusions of the work point to the fact that Distance Learning is sometimes presented as a model capable of democratizing access to higher education. However, the model was not able to face the historical dilemmas of inequality in higher education, but, on the contrary, intensified/requalified this social phenomenon.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En la literatura sobre desigualdad y educación está presente la influencia del espacio en la elaboración teórica en torno a este tema. Una mirada espacial al proceso de toma de decisiones por parte de la gestión pública puede conducir a la adopción de mecanismos correctores de las desigualdades educativas desde la perspectiva de la equidad; es decir, que minimicen las desigualdades sociales de origen. Sin embargo, esta temática no ha avanzado en el tiempo, sin el incremento de nuevas dinámicas educativas que se difunden en el país, como la Educación a Distancia (EaD). Así, el objetivo de este artículo científico es elaborar una revisión bibliográfica que equilibre los avances más recientes en el tema de cómo las desigualdades espaciales afectan a los estudiantes de EaD y sus principales dificultades de investigación, a partir de los trabajos más recientes y datos secundarios socioeconómicos y espaciales. . Las conclusiones del trabajo apuntan a que la Educación a Distancia se presenta en ocasiones como un modelo capaz de democratizar el acceso a la educación superior. Sin embargo, el modelo no fue capaz de enfrentar los dilemas históricos de la desigualdad en la educación superior, sino que, por el contrario, intensificó/recalificó este fenómeno social.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Desigualdade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Educação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Ensino a Distância]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Ensino Superior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Espaço]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Inequality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Distance Learning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[University education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Space]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Desigualdad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Educación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Educación a Distancia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enseñanza superior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Espacio]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BOURDIEU]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O Poder Simbólico]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Bertrand Brasil]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>CNI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Confederação Nacional da Indústria]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CASEIRO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. C. Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Desigualdade de acesso à educação superior no Brasil e o Plano Nacional de Educação]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>40</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Série PNE em Movimento]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CASTRO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A. D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evolução e desigualdade na educação brasileira]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educação &amp; Sociedade]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>673-97</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DESAI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[KULKARNI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Changing educational inequalities in India in the context of affirmative action]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Demography]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GOMES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MELO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. Y. M. D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Por uma abordagem espacial na gestão de políticas educacionais: equidade para superar desigualdades]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educação &amp; Sociedade]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>42</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>FAGNANI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Projeto de país, desigualdade e poder da desinformação. A grande sociedade &#8211; qual é o projeto de desenvolvimento para o Brasil do futuro?]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo (SP) ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundação Perseu Abramo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FILHO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Educação a distância: uma abordagem metodológica e didática a partir dos ambientes virtuais]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educação em Revista]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<page-range>41-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[JUNIOR]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. F. P. C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BARBOSA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CASTRO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A relação entre as dificuldades na aprendizagem e a evasão de alunos no EaD: Um estudo de caso]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Educação Pública]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>16</numero>
<issue>16</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>IBGE</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MOORE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[KEARSLEY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Educação a Distância &#8211; Uma visão integrada]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Thompson Pioneira]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MORAES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Higher education: development of underdevelopment or a tool to overcome it?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chadarevian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Political Economy of Lula&#8216;s Brazil]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MINTO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Educação superior no PNE (2014-2024): apontamentos sobre as relações público-privadas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Brasileira de Educação]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>23</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OLIVEIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. L. M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Educação Superior brasileira no início do século XXI: inclusão interrompida?]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Campinas ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PINTO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sete lições sobre educação de adultos]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cortez]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PIRES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A COVID-19 e a educação superior no brasil: Usos diferenciados das tecnologias de comunicação virtual e o enfrentamento das desigualdades educacionais]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>XXX</volume>
<numero>58</numero>
<issue>58</issue>
<page-range>83-103</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Educación]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PEIXOTO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. D. C. L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Democratização e desigualdades na educação superior: o caso do Brasil]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<numero>74</numero>
<issue>74</issue>
<page-range>51-61</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidades]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[POCHMANN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SILVA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. C. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Concentração espacial da produção e desigualdades sociais]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista brasileira de estudos urbanos e regionais]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>22</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RODRIGUES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. C. T. T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VENSON]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GABARDO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Distribuição espacial do acesso aos serviços de saneamento básico nas microrregiões brasileiras de 2006 a 2013]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista brasileira de gestão e desenvolvimento regional]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SAVELI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TENREIRO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. O. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A educação enquanto direito social: aspectos históricos e constitucionais]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>51-7</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Rev. Teoria e Prática da Educação]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>SEMESP</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Mapa do ensino superior no Brasil]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<edition>11a edição</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>SEMESP</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Mapa do ensino superior no Brasil]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<edition>12a edição</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[STACHISSINI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Educação superior e desigualdade: uma revisão do desenvolvimento e do neoliberalismo]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VALENTIM]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PINHEIRO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. L. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ações afirmativas de base racial na educação pública brasileira]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
